{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T20:37:17Z","timestamp":1696538237078},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Altered peptide ligands (APLs) and their antagonistic or partial agonistic character\u2013influencing T cell activation have mainly been studied in vitro Some studies have shown APLs as a viral escape mechanism from cytotoxic CD8+ T cell responses in vivo. However, whether infection or superinfection with a virus displaying an antagonistic T cell epitope can alter virus\u2013host relationships via inhibiting T cell\u2013mediated immunopathology is unclear. Here, we evaluated a recently described CD4+ T cell escape lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) variant that in vitro displayed antagonistic characteristics for the major histocompatibility complex class II\u2013restricted mutated epitope. Mice transgenic for the immunodominant LCMV-specific T helper epitope that usually succumb to wild-type LCMV-induced immunopathology, survived if they were simultaneously coinfected with antagonistic variant but not with control virus. The results illustrate that a coinfecting APL-expressing virus can shift an immunopathological virus\u2013host relationships in favor of host survival. This may play a role in poorly cytopathic long-lasting virus carrier states in humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20012045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,21]],"date-time":"2002-10-21T19:24:57Z","timestamp":1035228297000},"page":"1039-1046","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Antagonistic Variant Virus Prevents Wild-type Virus-induced Lethal Immunopathology"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"196","author":[{"given":"Lukas","family":"Hunziker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Experimental Immunology, University Hospital, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Recher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Experimental Immunology, University Hospital, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Ciurea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Experimental Immunology, University Hospital, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianne M.A.","family":"Martinic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Experimental Immunology, University Hospital, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Odermatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Experimental Immunology, University Hospital, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Hengartner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Experimental Immunology, University Hospital, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rolf M.","family":"Zinkernagel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Experimental Immunology, University Hospital, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072511420188500_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.14.1.1","volume":"14","year":"1996","journal-title":"Annu. 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