{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:28:30Z","timestamp":1791300510622,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Autoantibodies to histidyl\u2013tRNA synthetase (HisRS) or to alanyl\u2013, asparaginyl\u2013, glycyl\u2013, isoleucyl\u2013, or threonyl\u2013tRNA synthetase occur in \u223c25% of patients with polymyositis or dermatomyositis. We tested the ability of several aminoacyl\u2013tRNA synthetases to induce leukocyte migration. HisRS induced CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes, interleukin (IL)-2\u2013activated monocytes, and immature dendritic cells (iDCs) to migrate, but not neutrophils, mature DCs, or unstimulated monocytes. An NH2-terminal domain, 1\u201348 HisRS, was chemotactic for lymphocytes and activated monocytes, whereas a deletion mutant, HisRS-M, was inactive. HisRS selectively activated CC chemokine receptor (CCR)5-transfected HEK-293 cells, inducing migration by interacting with extracellular domain three. Furthermore, monoclonal anti-CCR5 blocked HisRS-induced chemotaxis and conversely, HisRS blocked anti-CCR5 binding. Asparaginyl\u2013tRNA synthetase induced migration of lymphocytes, activated monocytes, iDCs, and CCR3-transfected HEK-293 cells. Seryl\u2013tRNA synthetase induced migration of CCR3-transfected cells but not iDCs. Nonautoantigenic aspartyl\u2013tRNA and lysyl\u2013tRNA synthetases were not chemotactic. Thus, autoantigenic aminoacyl\u2013tRNA synthetases, perhaps liberated from damaged muscle cells, may perpetuate the development of myositis by recruiting mononuclear cells that induce innate and adaptive immune responses. Therefore, the selection of a self-molecule as a target for an autoantibody response may be a consequence of the proinflammatory properties of the molecule itself.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20020186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,16]],"date-time":"2002-09-16T18:40:56Z","timestamp":1032201656000},"page":"781-791","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":238,"title":["Histidyl\u2013tRNA Synthetase and Asparaginyl\u2013tRNA Synthetase, Autoantigens in Myositis, Activate Chemokine Receptors on T Lymphocytes and Immature Dendritic Cells"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"196","author":[{"given":"O.M. 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