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Because \u03b1\u03b2 T cells are necessary and sufficient for the protection of adult mice against E. vermiformis, the requirement for \u03b3\u03b4 cells in young mice shows a qualitative difference between the cellular immune responses operating at different ages. An important contribution toward primary immune protection in young hosts may have provided a strong selective pressure for the evolutionary conservation of \u03b3\u03b4 cells. This notwithstanding, the development of effective, pathogen-specific immunity in young mice requires \u03b1\u03b2 T cells, just as it does in adult mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,3]],"date-time":"2003-11-03T22:23:02Z","timestamp":1067898182000},"page":"1403-1414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Age-dependent Requirement for \u03b3\u03b4 T Cells in the Primary but Not Secondary Protective Immune Response against an Intestinal Parasite"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"198","author":[{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Ramsburg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Tigelaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511"},{"name":"2Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joe","family":"Craft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511"},{"name":"3Section of Rheumatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Hayday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, Guy's King's St. Thomas' Medical School, University of London, London, SE1 9RT UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072512161868300_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.3109\/08830180009088503","volume":"19","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. 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