{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T23:42:59Z","timestamp":1790638979434,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Protective immunity against pathogens such as Leishmania major is mediated by interleukin (IL)-12\u2013dependent Th1-immunity. We have shown previously that skin-dendritic cells (DCs) from both resistant C57BL\/6 and susceptible BALB\/c mice release IL-12 when infected with L. major, and infected BALB\/c DCs effectively vaccinate against leishmaniasis. To determine if cytokines other than IL-12 might influence disease outcome, we surveyed DCs from both strains for production of a variety of cytokines. Skin-DCs produced significantly less IL-1\u03b1 in response to lipopolysaccharide\/interferon \u03b3 or L. major when expanded from BALB\/c as compared with C57BL\/6 mice. In addition, IL-1\u03b1 mRNA accumulation in lymph nodes of L. major\u2013infected BALB\/c mice was \u223c3-fold lower than that in C57BL\/6 mice. Local injections of IL-1\u03b1 during the first 3 d after infection led to dramatic, persistent reductions in lesion sizes. In L. major\u2013infected BALB\/c mice, IL-1\u03b1 administration resulted in increased Th1- and strikingly decreased Th2-cytokine production. IL-1\u03b1 and IL-12 treatments were similarly effective, and IL-1\u03b1 efficacy was strictly IL-12 dependent. These data indicate that transient local administration of IL-1\u03b1 acts in conjunction with IL-12 to influence Th-development in cutaneous leishmaniasis and prevents disease progression in susceptible BALB\/c mice, perhaps by enhancing DC-induced Th1-education. Differential production of IL-1 by C57BL\/6 and BALB\/c mice may provide a partial explanation for the disparate outcomes of infection in these mouse strains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,14]],"date-time":"2003-07-14T20:31:33Z","timestamp":1058214693000},"page":"191-199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":136,"title":["Interleukin 1\u03b1 Promotes Th1 Differentiation and Inhibits Disease Progression in\n                    <i>Leishmania major<\/i>\n                    \u2013susceptible BALB\/c Mice"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"198","author":[{"given":"Esther","family":"von Stebut","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Dermatology, University of Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan M.","family":"Ehrchen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Mu\u0308nster, Mu\u0308nster 48149, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmine","family":"Belkaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Molecular Immunology, Children's Hospital Research Foundation, University of Cincinnati, OH 45229"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna Lopez","family":"Kostka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Dermatology, University of Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Mo\u0308lle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Dermatology, University of Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ju\u0308rgen","family":"Knop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Dermatology, University of Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cord","family":"Sunderko\u0308tter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Mu\u0308nster, Mu\u0308nster 48149, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark C.","family":"Udey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072512100562600_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.13.040195.001055","volume":"13","year":"1995","journal-title":"Annu. 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