{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T09:01:59Z","timestamp":1791190919172,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Survival and intermittent proliferation of memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells appear to be controlled by different homeostatic mechanisms. In particular, contact with interleukin (IL)-15 has a decisive influence on memory CD8+ cells, but not memory CD4+ cells. Past studies of memory CD4+ cells have relied heavily on the use of naturally occurring memory phenotype (MP) cells as a surrogate for antigen (Ag)-specific memory cells. However, we show here that MP CD4+ cells contain a prominent subset of rapidly proliferating major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II\u2013dependent cells. In contrast, Ag-specific memory CD4 cells have a slow turnover rate and are MHC II independent. In irradiated hosts, these latter cells ignore IL-15 and expand in response to the elevated levels of IL-7 in the lymphopenic hosts. In contrast, in normal nonlymphopenic hosts where IL-7 levels are low, memory CD4 cells are heavily dependent on IL-15. Significantly, memory CD4+ responsiveness to endogenous IL-15 reflects marked competition from other cells, especially CD8+ and natural killer cells, and increases considerably after removal of these cells. Therefore, under normal physiological conditions, homeostasis of CD8+ and CD4+ memory cells is quite similar and involves IL-15 and IL-7.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20061805","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,10]],"date-time":"2007-04-10T00:35:49Z","timestamp":1176165349000},"page":"951-961","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":201,"title":["Antiviral CD4+ memory T cells are IL-15 dependent"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"204","author":[{"given":"Jared F.","family":"Purton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyce T.","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Immunology, Anadys Pharmaceutical, La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark P.","family":"Rubinstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Immunology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Sprent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Department of Immunology and Inflammation, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles D.","family":"Surh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072516172836000_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.20.100101.151926","volume":"20","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annu. 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