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Inactivation of the gene encoding RUNX cofactor core-binding factor-\u03b2 (CBF\u03b2) in mice and small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated suppression of RUNX1 and RUNX3 in human T cells resulted in reduced expression of Foxp3. The in vivo conversion of naive CD4+ T cells into Foxp3+ iT reg cells was significantly decreased in adoptively transferred CbfbF\/F CD4-cre naive T cells into Rag2\u2212\/\u2212 mice. Both RUNX1 and RUNX3 siRNA silenced human T reg cells and CbfbF\/F CD4-cre mouse T reg cells showed diminished suppressive function in vitro. Circulating human CD4+ CD25high CD127\u2212 T reg cells significantly expressed higher levels of RUNX3, FOXP3, and TGF-\u03b2 mRNA compared with CD4+CD25\u2212 cells. Furthermore, FOXP3 and RUNX3 were colocalized in human tonsil T reg cells. These data demonstrate Runx transcription factors as a molecular link in TGF-\u03b2\u2013induced Foxp3 expression in iT reg cell differentiation and function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20090596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,17]],"date-time":"2009-11-17T02:58:57Z","timestamp":1258426737000},"page":"2701-2715","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":179,"title":["Transcription factors RUNX1 and RUNX3 in the induction and suppressive function of Foxp3+ inducible regulatory T cells"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"206","author":[{"given":"Sven","family":"Klunker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research Davos, University of Zurich, CH-7270 Davos-Platz, Switzerland 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark M.W.","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Yves","family":"Mantel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research Davos, University of Zurich, CH-7270 Davos-Platz, Switzerland 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar","family":"Palomares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research Davos, University of Zurich, CH-7270 Davos-Platz, Switzerland 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Bassin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research Davos, University of Zurich, CH-7270 Davos-Platz, Switzerland 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Ziegler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research Davos, University of Zurich, CH-7270 Davos-Platz, Switzerland 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beate","family":"R\u00fcckert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research Davos, University of Zurich, CH-7270 Davos-Platz, Switzerland 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flurina","family":"Meiler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research Davos, University of Zurich, CH-7270 Davos-Platz, Switzerland 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00fcbeccel","family":"Akdis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research Davos, University of Zurich, CH-7270 Davos-Platz, Switzerland 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan R.","family":"Littman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cezmi A.","family":"Akdis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research Davos, University of Zurich, CH-7270 Davos-Platz, Switzerland 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072917370895200_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2006.09.016","article-title":"Allergy and hypersensitivity: mechanisms of allergic disease","volume":"18","author":"Akdis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. 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