{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:02:06Z","timestamp":1792094526830,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Progranulin (PGRN) is a widely expressed protein involved in diverse biological processes. Haploinsufficiency of PGRN in the human causes tau-negative, ubiquitin-positive frontotemporal dementia (FTD). However, the mechanisms are unknown. To explore the role of PGRN in vivo, we generated PGRN-deficient mice. Macrophages from these mice released less interleukin-10 and more inflammatory cytokines than wild type (WT) when exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. PGRN-deficient mice failed to clear Listeria monocytogenes infection as quickly as WT and allowed bacteria to proliferate in the brain, with correspondingly greater inflammation than in WT. PGRN-deficient macrophages and microglia were cytotoxic to hippocampal cells in vitro, and PGRN-deficient hippocampal slices were hypersusceptible to deprivation of oxygen and glucose. With age, brains of PGRN-deficient mice displayed greater activation of microglia and astrocytes than WT, and their hippocampal and thalamic neurons accumulated cytosolic phosphorylated transactivation response element DNA binding protein\u201343. Thus, PGRN is a key regulator of inflammation and plays critical roles in both host defense and neuronal integrity. FTD associated with PGRN insufficiency may result from many years of reduced neutrotrophic support together with cumulative damage in association with dysregulated inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,22]],"date-time":"2009-12-22T03:00:59Z","timestamp":1261450859000},"page":"117-128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":453,"title":["Exaggerated inflammation, impaired host defense, and neuropathology in progranulin-deficient mice"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"207","author":[{"given":"Fangfang","family":"Yin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neuroscience 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Division of Neurobiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065 4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neuroscience 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Division of Neurobiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065 1 , 2 , and 3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bobby","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neuroscience 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Division of Neurobiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065 1 , 2 , and 3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neuroscience 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Division of Neurobiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neuroscience 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Division of Neurobiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065 1 , 2 , and 3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liping","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neuroscience 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Division of Neurobiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neuroscience 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Division of Neurobiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065 1 , 2 , and 3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065 4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojing","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neuroscience 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Division of Neurobiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065 4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neuroscience 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Division of Neurobiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100050 Beijing, China 5"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Costantino","family":"Iadecola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neuroscience 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Division of Neurobiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neuroscience 1 , 2 , and 3"},{"name":"Division of Neurobiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065 1 , 2 , and 3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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