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Up to one third of virus-specific CTLs within blood were found to be in cell cycle after infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus or vesicular stomatitis virus. Using two-photon microscopy, we found that effector CTL divided rapidly upon arrest in the virus-infected central nervous system as well as in meningeal blood vessels. We also observed that MHC I\u2013dependent interactions, but not costimulation, influenced the division program by advancing effector CTL through stages of the cell cycle. These results demonstrate that CTLs are poised to divide in transit and that their numbers can be influenced locally at the site of infection through interactions with cells displaying cognate antigen.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20101295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,4]],"date-time":"2011-04-04T23:18:28Z","timestamp":1301959108000},"page":"747-759","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Migration of cytotoxic lymphocytes in cell cycle permits local MHC I\u2013dependent control of division at sites of viral infection"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"208","author":[{"given":"Silvia S.","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasmin","family":"Herz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiyun V.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Pathogenesis Program, Helen L. and Martin S. 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