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We found that, in steady-state mice, bone marrow cells capable of reconstituting lifelong hematopoiesis are found within both fast-cycling (undergoing five or more divisions in 7 wk) and quiescent (undergoing zero divisions in 12\u201314 wk) lineage marker\u2013negative c-Kit+ Sca-1+ populations. The contribution of each population to hematopoiesis can fluctuate with time, and cells with extensive proliferative history are prone to return to quiescence. Furthermore, injection of the bacterial component lipopolysaccharide increased the proliferation and self-renewal capacity of HSCs. These findings suggest a model in which all HSCs undergo dynamic and demand-adapted entry into and exit out of the cell cycle over time. This may facilitate a similar degree of turnover of the entire HSC pool at the end of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20101643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,8]],"date-time":"2011-02-08T00:35:24Z","timestamp":1297125324000},"page":"273-284","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":294,"title":["Dynamic variation in cycling of hematopoietic stem cells in steady state and inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"208","author":[{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Takizawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research in Biomedicine, CH-6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland 1"},{"name":"Division of Hematology, University Hospital Z\u00fcrich, CH-8091 Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland R.","family":"Regoes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Z\u00fcrich, CH-8092 Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland 3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandra S.","family":"Boddupalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research in Biomedicine, CH-6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland 1"},{"name":"Division of Hematology, University Hospital Z\u00fcrich, CH-8091 Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Bonhoeffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Z\u00fcrich, CH-8092 Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland 3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus G.","family":"Manz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research in Biomedicine, CH-6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland 1"},{"name":"Division of Hematology, University Hospital Z\u00fcrich, CH-8091 Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072920331578200_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1038\/35004599","article-title":"A clonogenic common myeloid progenitor that gives rise to all myeloid lineages","volume":"404","author":"Akashi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"2023072920331578200_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.193.8.917","article-title":"Telomere shortening accompanies increased cell cycle activity during serial transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells","volume":"193","author":"Allsopp","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. 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