{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T18:26:41Z","timestamp":1791224801157,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>There are few antiviral drugs for treating influenza, and the emergence of antiviral resistance has further limited the available therapeutic options. Furthermore, antivirals are not invariably effective in severe influenza, such as that caused by H5N1 viruses. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop alternative therapeutic strategies. Here, we show that human V\u03b39V\u03b42 T cells expanded by the aminobisphosphonate pamidronate (PAM) kill influenza virus\u2013infected cells and inhibit viral replication in vitro. In Rag2\u2212\/\u2212\u03b3c\u2212\/\u2212 immunodeficient mice reconstituted with human peripheral mononuclear cells (huPBMCs), PAM reduces disease severity and mortality caused by human seasonal H1N1 and avian H5N1 influenza virus, and controls the lung inflammation and viral replication. PAM has no such effects in influenza virus\u2013infected Rag2\u2212\/\u2212\u03b3c\u2212\/\u2212 mice reconstituted with V\u03b39V\u03b42 T cell\u2013depleted huPBMCs. Our study provides proof-of-concept of a novel therapeutic strategy for treating influenza by targeting the host rather than the virus, thereby reducing the opportunity for the emergence of drug-resistant viruses. As PAM has been commonly used to treat osteoporosis and Paget\u2019s disease, this new application of an old drug potentially offers a safe and readily available option for treating influenza.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20110226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,28]],"date-time":"2011-06-28T04:49:20Z","timestamp":1309236560000},"page":"1511-1522","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":123,"title":["The aminobisphosphonate pamidronate controls influenza pathogenesis by expanding a \u03b3\u03b4 T cell population in humanized mice"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"208","author":[{"given":"Wenwei","family":"Tu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 1 and 2"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 1 and 2"},{"name":"Joint Research Center of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China 3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 1 and 2"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 1 and 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 1 and 2"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 1 and 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sin Fun","family":"Sia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 1 and 2"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 1 and 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Medical College, 510182 Guangzhou, China 4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 1 and 2"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 1 and 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iris H.Y.","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 1 and 2"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 1 and 2"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 1 and 2"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 1 and 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 1 and 2"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 1 and 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwok-Tai","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 1 and 2"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 1 and 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.S. 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