{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T08:40:37Z","timestamp":1790671237354,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Blinding trachoma is an ancient neglected tropical disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis for which a vaccine is needed. We describe a live-attenuated vaccine that is safe and efficacious in preventing trachoma in nonhuman primates, a model with excellent predictive value for humans. Cynomolgus macaques infected ocularly with a trachoma strain deficient for the 7.5-kb conserved plasmid presented with short-lived infections that resolved spontaneously without ocular pathology. Multiple infections with the attenuated plasmid-deficient strain produced no inflammatory ocular pathology but induced an anti-chlamydial immune response. Macaques vaccinated with the attenuated strain were either solidly or partially protected after challenge with virulent plasmid-bearing organisms. Partially protected macaques shed markedly less infectious organisms than controls. Immune correlates of protective immunity were not identified, but we did detect a correlation between MHC class II alleles and solid versus partial protection. Epidemiological models of trachoma control indicate that a vaccine with this degree of efficacy would significantly reduce the prevalence of infection and rates of reinfection, known risk factors which drive blinding disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20111266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,11]],"date-time":"2011-10-11T05:28:06Z","timestamp":1318310886000},"page":"2217-2223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":145,"title":["A live-attenuated chlamydial vaccine protects against trachoma in nonhuman primates"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"208","author":[{"given":"Laszlo","family":"Kari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Intracellular Parasites 1 and 2"},{"name":"Veterinary Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT 59840 1 and 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