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There are no disease-modifying therapies for either FTD or NCL, in part because of a poor understanding of how mutations in genes such as GRN contribute to disease pathogenesis and neurodegeneration. By studying mice lacking progranulin (PGRN), the protein encoded by GRN, we discovered multiple lines of evidence that PGRN deficiency results in impairment of autophagy, a key cellular degradation pathway. PGRN-deficient mice are sensitive to Listeria monocytogenes because of deficits in xenophagy, a specialized form of autophagy that mediates clearance of intracellular pathogens. Cells lacking PGRN display reduced autophagic flux, and pathological forms of TDP-43 typically cleared by autophagy accumulate more rapidly in PGRN-deficient neurons. Our findings implicate autophagy as a novel therapeutic target for GRN-associated NCL and FTD and highlight the emerging theme of defective autophagy in the broader FTD\/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis spectrum of neurodegenerative disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20160999","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,4]],"date-time":"2017-08-04T14:15:29Z","timestamp":1501856129000},"page":"2611-2628","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":137,"title":["Progranulin deficiency causes impairment of autophagy and TDP-43 accumulation"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"214","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3063-6723","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael C.","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karpagam","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5864-5253","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Brad A.","family":"Friedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2631-015X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eric","family":"Suto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Immunology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zora","family":"Modrusan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3415-2710","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wyne P.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Immunology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua S.","family":"Kaminker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9679-7189","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David V.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8703-5366","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Morgan","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072603565881600_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2010.090915","article-title":"Accelerated lipofuscinosis and ubiquitination in granulin knockout mice suggest a role for progranulin in successful aging","volume":"177","author":"Ahmed","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. 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