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Here we characterize this protein as a blood-stage antigen that localizes to the surface membranes of both parasitized erythrocytes and merozoites, hence its designation as Pf erythrocyte membrane and merozoite antigen 1 (PfEMMA1). Mouse anti-PfEMMA1 antisera and affinity-purified human anti-PfEMMA1 antibodies inhibited growth of P. falciparum strains by up to 68% in growth inhibition assays. Following challenge with uniformly fatal Plasmodium berghei (Pb) ANKA, up to 40% of mice immunized with recombinant PbEMMA1 self-cured, and median survival of lethally infected mice was up to 2.6-fold longer than controls (21 vs. 8 d, P = 0.005). Furthermore, high levels of naturally acquired human anti-PfEMMA1 antibodies were associated with a 46% decrease in parasitemia over 2.5 yr of follow-up of Tanzanian children. Together, these findings suggest that antibodies to PfEMMA1 mediate protection against malaria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20200170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]],"date-time":"2021-08-03T14:07:06Z","timestamp":1627999626000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A newly characterized malaria antigen on erythrocyte and merozoite surfaces induces parasite inhibitory antibodies"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"218","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8399-480X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ian C.","family":"Michelow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 1"},{"name":"Center for International Health Research, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 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