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Here, we screened related LS-specific TCRs for antigen specificity and identified a peptide derived from NAD-dependent histone deacetylase hst4 (NDPD) of Aspergillus nidulans that stimulated these CD4+ T cells in an HLA-DR3\u2013restricted manner. Using ELISPOT analysis, a greater number of IFN-\u03b3\u2013 and IL-2\u2013secreting T cells in the BAL of DR3+ LS subjects compared with DR3+ control subjects was observed in response to the NDPD peptide. Finally, increased IgG antibody responses to A. nidulans NDPD were detected in the serum of DR3+ LS subjects. Thus, our findings identify a ligand for CD4+ T cells derived from the lungs of LS patients and suggest a role of A. nidulans in the etiology of LS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20210785","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]],"date-time":"2021-08-19T14:34:01Z","timestamp":1629383641000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["CD4+ T cells in the lungs of acute sarcoidosis patients recognize an <i>Aspergillus nidulans<\/i> epitope"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"218","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2316-5081","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sarah A.","family":"Greaves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1599-1658","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Avinash","family":"Ravindran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden 2"},{"name":"3Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8194-5502","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Radleigh G.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. 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