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Milky spots exhibit hybrid nature between secondary lymph organs and ectopic lymphoid tissues, yet their development and maturation mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we identified a subset of fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) that are uniquely present in omental milky spots. These FRCs were characterized by the expression of retinoic acid\u2013converting enzyme, Aldh1a2, and endothelial cell marker, Tie2, in addition to canonical FRC-associated genes. Diphtheria toxin\u2013mediated ablation of Aldh1a2+ FRCs resulted in the alteration in milky spot structure with a significant reduction in size and cellularity. Mechanistically, Aldh1a2+ FRCs regulated the display of chemokine CXCL12 on high endothelial venules (HEVs), which recruit blood-borne lymphocytes from circulation. We further found that Aldh1a2+ FRCs are required for the maintenance of peritoneal lymphocyte composition. These results illustrate the homeostatic roles of FRCs in the formation of non-classical lymphoid tissues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20221813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,4]],"date-time":"2023-02-04T02:20:46Z","timestamp":1675477246000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["<i>Aldh1a2<\/i>\n                    + fibroblastic reticular cells regulate lymphocyte recruitment in omental milky spots"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"220","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4945-1286","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tomomi","family":"Yoshihara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/035t8zc32","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Laboratory of Immune Homeostasis, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University 1 , Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1913-7280","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yasutaka","family":"Okabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/035t8zc32","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Laboratory of Immune Homeostasis, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University 1 , Osaka, Japan"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/035t8zc32","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University 2 , Osaka, Japan"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00097mb19","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency 3 , , Kawaguchi, Japan"},{"name":"PRESTO 3 , , Kawaguchi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023080322182764500_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1007\/s12565-009-0028-z","article-title":"Role of the CXCL12\/CXCR4 axis in milky spots of rats bearing ascitic-type hepatoma","volume":"84","author":"Abe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anat. 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