{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T11:46:34Z","timestamp":1792755994392,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]],"date-time":"2023-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/S005560\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/S005560\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/T001976\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/T001976\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010438","name":"Francis Crick Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010438","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"UK Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are abundant in the lung and contribute to host defense against infections. During bacterial infections, MAIT cell activation has been proposed to require T cell receptor (TCR)\u2013mediated recognition of antigens derived from the riboflavin synthesis pathway presented by the antigen-presenting molecule MR1. MAIT cells can also be activated by cytokines in an MR1-independent manner, yet the contribution of MR1-dependent vs. -independent signals to MAIT cell functions in vivo remains unclear. Here, we use Klebsiella pneumoniae as a model of bacterial pneumonia and demonstrate that MAIT cell activation is independent of MR1 and primarily driven by type I interferons (IFNs). During Klebsiella infection, type I IFNs stimulate activation of murine and human MAIT cells, induce a Th1\/cytotoxic transcriptional program, and modulate MAIT cell location within the lungs. Consequently, adoptive transfer or boosting of pulmonary MAIT cells protect mice from Klebsiella infection, with protection being dependent on direct type I IFN signaling on MAIT cells. These findings reveal type I IFNs as new molecular targets to manipulate MAIT cell functions during bacterial infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20230037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]],"date-time":"2023-07-12T02:20:57Z","timestamp":1689128457000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Type I interferons drive MAIT cell functions against bacterial pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"220","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6106-6551","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"L\u00f3pez-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0220mzb33","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"King\u2019s College London 1 The Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, , London, UK"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04tnbqb63","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The Francis Crick Institute 2 , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7203-2640","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Steven J.","family":"Hancock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00hswnk62","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine. School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen\u2019s University Belfast 3 , Belfast, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8630-2928","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kelin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0130frc33","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 4 , Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4676-8616","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stefania","family":"Crotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04tnbqb63","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The Francis Crick Institute 2 , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1281-2658","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christopher","family":"Barrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04tnbqb63","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The Francis Crick Institute 2 , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0296-5896","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Su\u00e1rez-Bonnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04tnbqb63","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The Francis Crick Institute 2 , London, UK"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01wka8n18","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The Royal Veterinary College 5 Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, , Hatfield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6027-1879","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Simon L.","family":"Priestnall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04tnbqb63","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The Francis Crick Institute 2 , London, UK"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01wka8n18","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The Royal Veterinary College 5 Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, , Hatfield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1049-5767","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Aub\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0130frc33","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 4 , Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5226-2991","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andreas","family":"Wack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04tnbqb63","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The Francis Crick Institute 2 , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4307-9161","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Paul","family":"Klenerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research 6 , Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9677-8751","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jose A.","family":"Bengoechea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00hswnk62","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine. School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen\u2019s University Belfast 3 , Belfast, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4324-8973","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Patricia","family":"Barral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0220mzb33","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"King\u2019s College London 1 The Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, , London, UK"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04tnbqb63","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The Francis Crick Institute 2 , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2870","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.187.8.2870-2880.2005","article-title":"Characterization of type 2 quorum sensing in Klebsiella pneumoniae and relationship with biofilm formation","volume":"187","author":"Balestrino","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fuy043","article-title":"Klebsiella pneumoniae infection biology: Living to counteract host defences","volume":"43","author":"Bengoechea","year":"2019","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2474","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-09-3746","article-title":"Siglec-H is an IPC-specific receptor that modulates type I IFN secretion through DAP12","volume":"107","author":"Blasius","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3000644","article-title":"Human MAIT cell cytolytic effector proteins synergize to overcome carbapenem resistance in Escherichia coli","volume":"18","author":"Boulouis","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12466","article-title":"Klebsiella pneumoniae survives within macrophages by avoiding delivery to lysosomes","volume":"17","author":"Cano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell. Microbiol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.10.003","article-title":"IL-17 receptor signaling in the lung epithelium is required for mucosal chemokine gradients and pulmonary host defense against K.\u00a0pneumoniae","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2016.39","article-title":"Mucosal-associated invariant T-cell activation and accumulation after in vivo infection depends on microbial riboflavin synthesis and co-stimulatory signals","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13160","article-title":"T-cell activation by transitory neo-antigens derived from distinct microbial pathways","volume":"509","author":"Corbett","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3806","article-title":"Regulation of antiviral T cell responses by type I interferons","volume":"15","author":"Crouse","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6640","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.120163297","article-title":"One-step inactivation of chromosomal genes in Escherichia coli K-12 using PCR products","volume":"97","author":"Datsenko","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-0439-x","article-title":"The nf-core framework for community-curated bioinformatics pipelines","volume":"38","author":"Ewels","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2010.12.002","article-title":"The non-conventional MHC class I MR1 molecule controls infection by Klebsiella pneumoniae in mice","volume":"48","author":"Georgel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-019-0444-8","article-title":"The biology and functional importance of MAIT cells","volume":"20","author":"Godfrey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-020-0775-0","article-title":"Comprehensive analysis of IncC plasmid conjugation identifies a crucial role for the transcriptional regulator AcaB","volume":"5","author":"Hancock","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.07.039","article-title":"Activation and In\u00a0Vivo evolution of the MAIT cell transcriptome in mice and humans reveals tissue repair functionality","volume":"28","author":"Hinks","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006696","article-title":"Natural killer cell-intrinsic type I IFN signaling controls Klebsiella pneumoniae growth during lung infection","volume":"13","author":"Ivin","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11605","article-title":"MR1 presents microbial vitamin B metabolites to MAIT cells","volume":"491","author":"Kjer-Nielsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.06.016","article-title":"Type I interferons regulate cytolytic activity of memory CD8(+) T cells in the lung airways during respiratory virus challenge","volume":"33","author":"Kohlmeier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00652","article-title":"Type I interferons in bacterial infections: A balancing act","volume":"7","author":"Kovarik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2019.01.013","article-title":"The role of type I interferons in CD4+ T cell differentiation","volume":"215","author":"Kuka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunol. Lett."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201948279","article-title":"Type I interferons are important co-stimulatory signals during T cell receptor mediated human MAIT cell activation","volume":"50","author":"Lamichhane","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.08.054","article-title":"TCR- or cytokine-activated CD8+ mucosal-associated invariant T cells are rapid polyfunctional effectors that can coordinate immune responses","volume":"28","author":"Lamichhane","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.04918.x","article-title":"Identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae virulence determinants using an intranasal infection model","volume":"58","author":"Lawlor","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1890","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of mucosal-associated invariant T cells","volume":"11","author":"Le Bourhis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2020.11.008","article-title":"Emerging role for MAIT cells in control of antimicrobial resistance","volume":"29","author":"Leeansyah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.08.050","article-title":"TCR and inflammatory signals tune human MAIT cells to exert specific tissue repair and effector functions","volume":"28","author":"Leng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191837","article-title":"Synthesis, stabilization, and characterization of the MR1 ligand precursor 5-amino-6-D-ribitylaminouracil (5-A-RU)","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","article-title":"Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2","volume":"15","author":"Love","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3787","article-title":"Type I interferons in infectious disease","volume":"15","author":"McNab","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E3119","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1302799110","article-title":"MAIT cells are critical for optimal mucosal immune responses during in vivo pulmonary bacterial infection","volume":"110","author":"Meierovics","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2793","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20160637","article-title":"MAIT cells promote inflammatory monocyte differentiation into dendritic cells during pulmonary intracellular infection","volume":"213","author":"Meierovics","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-020-00414-z","article-title":"Antigen retrieval and clearing for whole-organ immunofluorescence by FLASH","volume":"16","author":"Messal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6310","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.11.6310-6318.2002","article-title":"Divergent role of gamma interferon in a murine model of pulmonary versus systemic Klebsiella pneumoniae infection","volume":"70","author":"Moore","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20110308","article-title":"T cell receptor signal strength in Treg and iNKT cell development demonstrated by a novel fluorescent reporter mouse","volume":"208","author":"Moran","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.71.4.669","article-title":"IFN-alpha2a induces IP-10\/CXCL10 and MIG\/CXCL9 production in monocyte-derived dendritic cells and enhances their capacity to attract and stimulate CD8+ effector T cells","volume":"71","author":"Padovan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.02097","article-title":"MAIT cells display a specific response to type 1 IFN underlying the adjuvant effect of TLR7\/8 ligands","volume":"11","author":"Pavlovic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aax8819","article-title":"MAIT cell activation augments adenovirus vector vaccine immunogenicity","volume":"371","author":"Provine","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-080719-015428","article-title":"MAIT cells in health and disease","volume":"38","author":"Provine","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20142110","article-title":"Identification of phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous mouse mucosal-associated invariant T cells using MR1 tetramers","volume":"212","author":"Rahimpour","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20181483","article-title":"A common transcriptomic program acquired in the thymus defines tissue residency of MAIT and NKT subsets","volume":"216","author":"Salou","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.7563.1","article-title":"Differential analyses for RNA-seq: Transcript-level estimates improve gene-level inferences","volume":"4","author":"Soneson","year":"2015","journal-title":"F1000 Res."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.05.029","article-title":"Inflammatory monocytes activate memory CD8(+) T and innate NK lymphocytes independent of cognate antigen during microbial pathogen invasion","volume":"37","author":"Soudja","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-022-01152-y","article-title":"Type I interferon transcriptional network regulates expression of coinhibitory receptors in human T cells","volume":"23","author":"Sumida","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.08.015","article-title":"Chemokine guidance of central memory T cells is critical for antiviral recall responses in lymph nodes","volume":"150","author":"Sung","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2017.10.028","article-title":"Global antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative pathogens and clinical need","volume":"39","author":"Theuretzbacher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1111\/imcb.12008","article-title":"MAIT cells and viruses","volume":"96","author":"Ussher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4706","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07207-9","article-title":"MAIT cells contribute to protection against lethal influenza infection in vivo","volume":"9","author":"van Wilgenburg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11653","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11653","article-title":"MAIT cells are activated during human viral infections","volume":"7","author":"van Wilgenburg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3141","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkf433","article-title":"Regulation of riboflavin biosynthesis and transport genes in bacteria by transcriptional and translational attenuation","volume":"30","author":"Vitreschak","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.98487","article-title":"Human MAIT cells exit peripheral tissues and recirculate via lymph in steady state conditions","volume":"3","author":"Voillet","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2100522","article-title":"Single-cell transcriptional profiling reveals signatures of helper, effector, and regulatory MAIT cells during homeostasis and activation","volume":"208","author":"Vorkas","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Immunol"},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3350","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05202-8","article-title":"MAIT cells protect against pulmonary Legionella longbeachae infection","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aaw0402","article-title":"IL-23 costimulates antigen-specific MAIT cell activation and enables vaccination against bacterial infection","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"2023073006222673700_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.07.034","article-title":"Distinct mesenchymal lineages and niches promote epithelial self-renewal and myofibrogenesis in the lung","volume":"170","author":"Zepp","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell"}],"container-title":["Journal of Experimental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1084\/jem.20230037\/1915628\/jem_20230037.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1084\/jem.20230037\/1915628\/jem_20230037.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,30]],"date-time":"2023-07-30T02:23:31Z","timestamp":1690683811000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article\/220\/10\/e20230037\/276132\/Type-I-interferons-drive-MAIT-cell-functions"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20230037","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1007","1540-9538"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1007","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-9538","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]]},"article-number":"e20230037"}}