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However, the mechanism regulating MHCII expression as well as the impact of epithelial MHCII\u2013mediated antigen presentation on T cell responses targeting those microbes remains elusive. Here, we identify the cellular network that regulates MHCII expression on the intestinal epithelium in response to SFB. Since MHCII on the intestinal epithelium is dispensable for SFB-induced Th17 response, we explored other CD4+ T cell\u2013based responses induced by SFB. We found that SFB drive the conversion of cognate CD4+ T cells to granzyme+ CD8\u03b1+ intraepithelial lymphocytes. These cells accumulate in small intestinal intraepithelial space in response to SFB. Yet, their accumulation is abrogated by the ablation of MHCII on the intestinal epithelium. Finally, we show that this mechanism is indispensable for the SFB-driven increase in the turnover of epithelial cells in the ileum. This study identifies a previously uncharacterized immune response to SFB, which is dependent on the epithelial MHCII function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20230194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T02:21:13Z","timestamp":1696904473000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Segmented filamentous bacteria\u2013induced epithelial MHCII regulates cognate CD4+ IELs and epithelial turnover"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"221","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2498-1128","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tom\u00e1\u0161","family":"Brabec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/024d6js02","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Faculty of Science, Charles University 1 Department of Cell Biology, , Prague, Czech 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