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Analysis of spontaneous SLE-prone mice deficient in IRF7 uncovered the IRF7 role in regulating autoimmune germinal center (GC), plasma cell (PC), and autoantibody responses and disease. IRF7, however, was dispensable for foreign antigen\u2013driven GC, PC, and antibody responses. Competitive bone marrow (BM) chimeras highlighted the importance of IRF7 in hematopoietic cells in spontaneous GC and PC differentiation. Single-cell RNAseq of SLE-prone B cells indicated IRF7-mediated B cell differentiation through GC and PC fates. Mechanistic studies revealed that IRF7 promoted B cell differentiation through GC and PC fates by regulating the transcriptome, translation, and metabolism of SLE-prone B cells. Mixed BM chimeras demonstrated a requirement for B cell\u2013intrinsic IRF7 in IgG autoantibody production but not in the regulation of spontaneous GC and PC responses. Altogether, we delineate previously unknown B cell\u2013intrinsic and \u2013extrinsic mechanisms of IRF7-promoted spontaneous GC and PC responses, loss of tolerance, autoantibody production, and SLE development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20231882","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T02:20:49Z","timestamp":1746152449000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["IRF7 controls spontaneous autoimmune germinal center and plasma cell checkpoints"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"222","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7105-6162","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Adam J.","family":"Fike","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04p491231","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, , Hershey, 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