{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:58:21Z","timestamp":1791845901657,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1125493"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1125493"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1113293"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1113293"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1138004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1138004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1193745"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1193745"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1175134"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1175134"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2009551"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2009551"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2008981"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2008981"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1 AI148407-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1 AI148407-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE220101491"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE220101491"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CE200100012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CE200100012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001102","name":"Cancer Council NSW","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001782","name":"University of Melbourne","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001782","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"UTS"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000866","name":"Cardiff University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000866","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Tobacco smoking is prevalent across the world and causes numerous diseases. Cigarette smoke (CS) compromises immunity, yet little is known of the components of CS that impact T cell function. MR1 is a ubiquitous molecule that presents bacterial metabolites to MAIT cells, which are highly abundant in the lungs. Using in silico, cellular, and biochemical approaches, we identified components of CS that bind MR1 and impact MR1 cell surface expression. Compounds, including nicotinaldehyde, phenylpropanoid, and benzaldehyde-related scaffolds, bound within the A\u2032 pocket of MR1. CS inhibited MAIT cell activation, ex vivo, via TCR-dependent and TCR-independent mechanisms. Chronic CS exposure altered MAIT cell phenotype and function and attenuated MAIT cell responses to influenza A virus infection in vivo. MR1-deficient mice were partially protected from the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) features that were associated with CS exposure. Thus, CS can impair MAIT cell function by diverse mechanisms, and potentially contribute to infection susceptibility and disease exacerbations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20240896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T02:20:51Z","timestamp":1732760451000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Cigarette smoke components modulate the MR1\u2013MAIT axis"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"222","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7597-2133","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wael","family":"Awad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02bfwt286","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University 1 Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, , Clayton,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0915-5020","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jemma R.","family":"Mayall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00eae9z71","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Immune Health Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle 2 , Newcastle,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3566-1082","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Weijun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rqy9422","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland 3 , Brisbane,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5553-5270","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matt D.","family":"Johansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03f0f6041","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences 4 , Sydney,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9642-7003","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Timothy","family":"Patton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ej9dk98","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity 5 Department of Immunology and Microbiology, , Melbourne,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research 6 , Clayton,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9806-5894","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xin Yi","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ej9dk98","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity 5 Department of Immunology and Microbiology, , Melbourne,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9943-8349","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Izabela","family":"Galvao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03f0f6041","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences 4 , Sydney,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3522-4533","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lauren J.","family":"Howson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02bfwt286","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University 1 Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, , Clayton,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7492-9213","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alexandra C.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00eae9z71","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Immune Health Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle 2 , Newcastle,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2315-7089","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tatt Jhong","family":"Haw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00eae9z71","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Immune Health Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle 2 , Newcastle,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4558-329X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chantal","family":"Donovan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00eae9z71","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Immune Health Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle 2 , Newcastle,","place":["Australia"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03f0f6041","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney 7 , Ultimo,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3361-4546","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shatarupa","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03f0f6041","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences 4 , Sydney,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8249-6956","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gesa J.","family":"Albers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03f0f6041","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences 4 , Sydney,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4388-9861","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tsung-Yu","family":"Pai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03f0f6041","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences 4 , Sydney,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9633-5638","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elinor","family":"Hortle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03f0f6041","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences 4 , Sydney,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9892-206X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Caitlin M.","family":"Gillis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03f0f6041","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences 4 , Sydney,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2371-7990","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nicole G.","family":"Hansbro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03f0f6041","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences 4 , Sydney,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8526-0631","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jay C.","family":"Horvat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00eae9z71","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Immune Health Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle 2 , Newcastle,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2693-1896","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ligong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rqy9422","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland 3 , Brisbane,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8011-4539","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jeffrey Y.W.","family":"Mak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rqy9422","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland 3 , Brisbane,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8597-815X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"James","family":"McCluskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ej9dk98","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity 5 Department of Immunology and Microbiology, , Melbourne,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7856-8566","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David P.","family":"Fairlie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rqy9422","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland 3 , Brisbane,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1618-4337","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alexandra J.","family":"Corbett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ej9dk98","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity 5 Department of Immunology and Microbiology, , Melbourne,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4741-3035","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Philip M.","family":"Hansbro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03f0f6041","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences 4 , Sydney,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2020-7522","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jamie","family":"Rossjohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02bfwt286","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University 1 Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, , Clayton,","place":["Australia"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03kk7td41","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, School of Medicine 8 , Cardiff,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444909052925","article-title":"PHENIX: A comprehensive python-based system for macromolecular structure solution","volume":"66","author":"Adams","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2023.102351","article-title":"Molecular insights into metabolite antigen recognition by mucosal-associated invariant T cells","volume":"83","author":"Awad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Immunol."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-020-0616-6","article-title":"The molecular basis underpinning the potency and specificity of MAIT cell antigens","volume":"21","author":"Awad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.12.007","article-title":"Thirdhand smoke: Chemical dynamics, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity in outdoor and indoor environments","volume":"32","author":"Bahl","year":"2016","journal-title":"Toxicol. In Vitro"},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.11.053","article-title":"A new short-term mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease identifies a role for mast cell tryptase in pathogenesis","volume":"131","author":"Beckett","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444909042073","article-title":"MolProbity: All-atom structure validation for macromolecular crystallography","volume":"66","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13160","article-title":"T-cell activation by transitory neo-antigens derived from distinct microbial pathways","volume":"509","author":"Corbett","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1111\/imcb.12537","article-title":"Aim2 suppresses cigarette smoke-induced neutrophil recruitment, neutrophil caspase-1 activation and anti-Ly6G-mediated neutrophil depletion","volume":"100","author":"Donovan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immunol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.3AB0518-178R","article-title":"Roles for T\/B lymphocytes and ILC2s in experimental chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"105","author":"Donovan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20140484","article-title":"A molecular basis underpinning the T cell receptor heterogeneity of mucosal-associated invariant T cells","volume":"211","author":"Eckle","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2126","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444904019158","article-title":"Coot: Model-building tools for molecular graphics","volume":"60","author":"Emsley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00709-10","article-title":"Exposure to cigarette smoke inhibits the pulmonary T-cell response to influenza virus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"79","author":"Feng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4159","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0902287","article-title":"Chlamydial respiratory infection during allergen sensitization drives neutrophilic allergic airways disease","volume":"184","author":"Horvat","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.90443","article-title":"MicroRNA-125a and -b inhibit A20 and MAVS to promote inflammation and impair antiviral response in COPD","volume":"2","author":"Hsu","year":"2017","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201501-0188OC","article-title":"Targeting PI3K-p110\u03b1 suppresses influenza virus infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"191","author":"Hsu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21183","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M501087200","article-title":"Evidence for MR1 antigen presentation to mucosal-associated invariant T cells","volume":"280","author":"Huang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2022-0131OC","article-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cigarette smoke lead to dysregulated mucosal-associated invariant T-cell activation","volume":"68","author":"Huber","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.ade6924","article-title":"Sulfated bile acid is a host-derived ligand for MAIT cells","volume":"9","author":"Ito","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3161","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13573","article-title":"The inhibitor of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase, PXS-4728A, ameliorates key features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a mouse model","volume":"173","author":"Jarnicki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444909047374","article-title":"Integration, scaling, space-group assignment and post-refinement","volume":"66","author":"Kabsch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.20444","article-title":"Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)5 ameliorates influenza infection via inhibition of EGFR signaling","volume":"6","author":"Kedzierski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3679","article-title":"Drugs and drug-like molecules can modulate the function of mucosal-associated invariant T cells","volume":"18","author":"Keller","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.04.038","article-title":"MicroRNA-21 drives severe, steroid-insensitive experimental asthma by amplifying phosphoinositide 3-kinase-mediated suppression of histone deacetylase 2","volume":"139","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11605","article-title":"MR1 presents microbial vitamin B metabolites to MAIT cells","volume":"491","author":"Kjer-Nielsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-207895","article-title":"Cherry-flavoured electronic cigarettes expose users to the inhalation irritant, benzaldehyde","volume":"71","author":"Kosmider","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.3109\/15412555.2015.1069806","article-title":"Mucosal-associated invariant T cell deficiency in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"13","author":"Kwon","year":"2016","journal-title":"COPD"},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.10.031","article-title":"HDAC2 suppresses IL17A-mediated airway remodeling in human and experimental modeling of COPD","volume":"153","author":"Lai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.05.046","article-title":"Acrolein in cigarette smoke inhibits T-cell responses","volume":"116","author":"Lambert","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-016-0408-6","article-title":"Cigarette smoke alters the ability of human dendritic cells to promote anti-Streptococcus pneumoniae Th17 response","volume":"17","author":"Le Rouzic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034511421200","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and inflammation: Cellular and molecular mechanisms","volume":"91","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevImmunol.2021040877","article-title":"MAIT cells in respiratory viral infections in mouse and human","volume":"41","author":"Long","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S412626","article-title":"Association between IL-17 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14599","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14599","article-title":"Stabilizing short-lived Schiff base derivatives of 5-aminouracils that activate mucosal-associated invariant T cells","volume":"8","author":"Mak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444906045975","article-title":"Solving structures of protein complexes by molecular replacement with Phaser","volume":"63","author":"McCoy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3416","article-title":"The intracellular pathway for the presentation of vitamin B-related antigens by the antigen-presenting molecule MR1","volume":"17","author":"McWilliam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2012.04.012","article-title":"Increased intraepithelial (CD103+) CD8+ T cells in the airways of smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"218","author":"Mikko","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004946","article-title":"Effect of cigarette smoke extract on dendritic cells and their impact on T-cell proliferation","volume":"4","author":"Mortaz","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2142","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3142","article-title":"Recognition of vitamin B metabolites by mucosal-associated invariant T cells","volume":"4","author":"Patel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11050873","article-title":"Attenuation of cigarette-smoke-induced oxidative stress, senescence, and inflammation by berberine-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles: In vitro study in 16HBE and RAW264.7 cells","volume":"11","author":"Paudel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640455","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.640455","article-title":"Mucosal associated invariant T cells were activated and polarized toward Th17 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"12","author":"Qiu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20142110","article-title":"Identification of phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous mouse mucosal-associated invariant T cells using MR1 tetramers","volume":"212","author":"Rahimpour","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2305","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20130958","article-title":"Antigen-loaded MR1 tetramers define T cell receptor heterogeneity in mucosal-associated invariant T cells","volume":"210","author":"Reantragoon","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20112095","article-title":"Structural insight into MR1-mediated recognition of the mucosal associated invariant T cell receptor","volume":"209","author":"Reantragoon","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib44","first-page":"2238","volume-title":"The Chemical Components of Tobacco and Tobacco Smoke","author":"Rodgman","year":"2013","edition":"Second edition"},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06968-8","article-title":"Smoking changes adaptive immunity with persistent effects","volume":"626","author":"Saint-Andr\u00e9","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10465","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2003136117","article-title":"Ligand-dependent downregulation of MR1 cell surface expression","volume":"117","author":"Salio","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2010.07.023","article-title":"Secondary organic aerosol formation from ozone-initiated reactions with nicotine and secondhand tobacco smoke","volume":"44","author":"Sleiman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6576","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0912820107","article-title":"Formation of carcinogens indoors by surface-mediated reactions of nicotine with nitrous acid, leading to potential thirdhand smoke hazards","volume":"107","author":"Sleiman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2530","article-title":"How cigarette smoke skews immune responses to promote infection, lung disease and cancer","volume":"9","author":"St\u00e4mpfli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2015-0204OC","article-title":"Programmed death ligand 1 promotes early-life Chlamydia respiratory infection-induced severe allergic airway disease","volume":"54","author":"Starkey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102714","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2022.102714","article-title":"Quantitative affinity measurement of small molecule ligand binding to major histocompatibility complex class-I-related protein 1 MR1","volume":"298","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib52","volume-title":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Fact Sheet","author":"WHO","year":"2021"},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170045","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0045-2017","article-title":"Immune checkpoints in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"26","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. Rev."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444910045749","article-title":"Overview of the CCP4 suite and current developments","volume":"67","author":"Winn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr."},{"key":"2025011715000081800_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-021-01713-z","article-title":"Long-term cigarette smoke exposure dysregulates pulmonary T cell response and IFN-\u03b3 protection to influenza virus in mouse","volume":"22","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respir. Res."}],"container-title":["Journal of Experimental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1084\/jem.20240896\/1937792\/jem_20240896.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1084\/jem.20240896\/1937792\/jem_20240896.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T10:00:52Z","timestamp":1737108052000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article\/222\/2\/e20240896\/277218\/Cigarette-smoke-components-modulate-the-MR1-MAIT"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20240896","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1007","1540-9538"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1007","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-9538","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"article-number":"e20240896"}}