{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T21:33:09Z","timestamp":1775165589967,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1936,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Nephritis can be induced in rats by the injection of anti-kidney sera obtained from rabbits immunized with suspensions of perfused rat kidney.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Anti-kidney sera, thus prepared, contain a number of antibodies capable, on injection into rats, of inducing a severe anaphylactoid reaction with general vascular manifestations that involve the kidney as well as other organs. These sera also contain a nephrotoxic agent that affects the kidney primarily.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>The nephrotoxic effect is characterized clinically by severe persistent albuminuria with casts, and transient anasarca during the acute disease, but no significant hematuria occurs. When a severe anaphylactoid reaction is superimposed on the nephrotoxic injury, hematuria is an outstanding feature.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Nephrotoxin is demonstrable in vivo and is not related quantitatively to the precipitins in the anti-kidney serum against kidney extract. It is most readily obtained by immunization with kidney suspensions, but may occasionally appear after injections of other organ preparations; it does not result from immunization with erythrocytes or serum. Nephrotoxin is present in the globulin fraction of anti-kidney serum.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>The nephrotoxic action of anti-kidney serum is easily removed by absorption with kidney cells or fat-free kidney tissue. Similar preparations of liver likewise remove it, but less readily. Neither kidney, liver, or brain lipids affect it, nor does absorption with red blood cells or serum.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Nephrotoxin appears to be an antibody that is relatively organ specific in its affinities. It differs from the more common antibodies involved in reverse anaphylaxis in one respect, at least: The animal rapidly becomes desensitized against the latter and fails to react, whereas desensitization to nephrotoxin is difficult to secure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.64.6.921","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,21]],"date-time":"2004-06-21T23:43:35Z","timestamp":1087861415000},"page":"921-942","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["EXPERIMENTAL NEPHRITIS IN RATS INDUCED BY INJECTION OF ANTI-KIDNEY SERUM"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Joseph E.","family":"Smadel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Hospital of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1936,12,1]]},"container-title":["Journal of Experimental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article-pdf\/64\/6\/921\/1180855\/921.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article-pdf\/64\/6\/921\/1180855\/921.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,3]],"date-time":"2020-10-03T13:01:40Z","timestamp":1601730100000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article\/64\/6\/921\/3562\/EXPERIMENTAL-NEPHRITIS-IN-RATS-INDUCED-BY"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1936,12,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1936,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.64.6.921","relation":{},"ISSN":["1540-9538","0022-1007"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1540-9538","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0022-1007","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1936,12,1]]}}}