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However, the spatial organization and cytokine production patterns of the stroma during FL development remain poorly understood. Here, we characterized and mapped the hematopoietic and stromal cell populations at early (E12.5\u201314.5) FL stages, revealing that while hepatoblasts were the primary source of hematopoietic growth factors, other stromal cells\u2014including mesenchymal, mesothelial, and endothelial cells\u2014also contributed to this signaling network. Using a dedicated image analysis pipeline, we quantified cell distances to tissue structures and defined neighbor relationships, uncovering that different hematopoietic progenitors exhibit distinct preferences for neighboring stromal cells and show developmental changes in spatial distribution. Notably, our data suggest that the sub-mesothelium region plays a prominent role in early fetal hematopoiesis. This approach offers a valuable tool for studying complex cellular interactions in biological systems, providing new insights into hematopoietic niche organization during development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20240592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T14:36:11Z","timestamp":1736260571000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Spatiotemporal dynamics of fetal liver hematopoietic niches"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"222","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6737-3333","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"M\u00e1rcia","family":"Mesquita Peixoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0495fxg12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Unit of Lymphocytes and Immunity, Institut Pasteur 1 Immunology Department, , Paris,","place":["France"]},{"name":"INSERM U1223 2 , 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