{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:33:29Z","timestamp":1790912009040,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Bumetanide-sensitive (BS) unidirectional fluxes of (36)Cl- or (22)Na+ were measured in internally dialyzed squid giant axons while varying the intra- or extracellular concentrations of Na+ and\/or Cl-. Raising either [Cl-]i or [Na+]i resulted in a concentration-dependent reduction of the BS influx of both (36)Cl- and (22)Na+. Raising [Cl-]i above 200 mM completely blocked BS influxes. However, raising [Na+]i to 290 mM resulted in saturable but incomplete inhibition of both BS Na+ influx and BS Cl- influx. The consequences of varying intracellular Cl- on cotransporter effluxes were complex. At lower [Cl-]i values (below 100 mM) intracellular Cl- activated cotransporter effluxes. Surprisingly, however, raising [Cl-]i levels &amp;gt; 125 mM resulted in a [Cl-]i-dependent inhibition of BS effluxes of both Na+ and Cl-. On the other hand, raising [Na+]i resulted only in the activation of the BS Na+ efflux; intracellular Na+ did not inhibit BS efflux even at 290 mM. The inhibitory effects of intracellular Na+ on cotransporter-mediated influxes, and lack of inhibitory effects on BS effluxes, are consistent with the trans-side inhibition expected for an ordered binding\/release model of cotransporter operation. However, the inhibitory effects of intracellular Cl- on both influxes and effluxes are not explained by such a model. These data suggest that Cl may interact with an intracellular site (or sites), which does not mediate Cl transport, but does modulate the transport activity of the Na+, K+, Cl- cotransporter.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.107.2.261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,13]],"date-time":"2004-05-13T19:51:34Z","timestamp":1084477894000},"page":"261-270","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1085\/jgp.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Elevated [Cl-]i, and [Na+]i inhibit Na+, K+, Cl- cotransport by different mechanisms in squid giant axons."],"prefix":"10.1085","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"G E","family":"Breitwieser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A A","family":"Altamirano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J M","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,2,1]]},"container-title":["The Journal of general physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jgp\/article-pdf\/107\/2\/261\/1768931\/261.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jgp\/article-pdf\/107\/2\/261\/1768931\/261.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]],"date-time":"2023-07-26T07:09:51Z","timestamp":1690355391000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jgp\/article\/107\/2\/261\/26485\/Elevated-Cl-i-and-Na-i-inhibit-Na-K-Cl-cotransport"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,2,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1085\/jgp.107.2.261","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1295","1540-7748"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1295","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-7748","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,2,1]]}}}