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To this end, it is important to identify the cellular signaling pathway that triggers mitochondrial biogenesis and thereby increases oxidative capacity and fatigue resistance in skeletal muscle fibers. Here, we test the hypothesis that the stress induced in skeletal muscle fibers by endurance exercise causes a reduction in the association of FK506-binding protein 12 (FKBP12) with ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1). This will result in a mild Ca2+ leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), which could trigger mitochondrial biogenesis and improved fatigue resistance. After giving mice access to an in-cage running wheel for three weeks, we observed decreased FKBP12 association to RYR1, increased baseline [Ca2+]i, and signaling associated with greater mitochondrial biogenesis in muscle, including PGC1\u03b11. After six weeks of voluntary running, FKBP12 association is normalized, baseline [Ca2+]i returned to values below that of nonrunning controls, and signaling for increased mitochondrial biogenesis was no longer present. The adaptations toward improved endurance exercise performance that were observed with training could be mimicked by pharmacological agents that destabilize RYR1 and thereby induce a modest Ca2+ leak. We conclude that a mild RYR1 SR Ca2+ leak is a key trigger for the signaling pathway that increases muscle fatigue resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.201812152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]],"date-time":"2019-01-11T20:29:21Z","timestamp":1547238561000},"page":"567-577","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1085\/jgp.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["SR Ca2+ leak in skeletal muscle fibers acts as an intracellular signal to increase fatigue resistance"],"prefix":"10.1085","volume":"151","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3830-657X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Niklas","family":"Ivarsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum C5, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0642-4838","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"C. 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