{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T07:49:22Z","timestamp":1761292162931},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A variety of scorpion venoms and purified toxins were tested for effects on ion channels in human T lymphocytes, a human T leukemia cell line (Jurkat), and murine thymocytes, using the whole-cell patch-clamp method. Nanomolar concentrations of charbdotoxin (CTX), a purified peptide component of Leiurus quinquestriatus venom known to block Ca2+-activated K+ channels from muscle, blocked \"type n\" voltage-gated K+ channels in human T lymphoid cells. The Na+ channels occasionally expressed in these cells were unaffected by the toxin. From the time course of development and removal of K+ channel block we determined the rates of CTX binding and unbinding. CTX blocks K+ channels in Jurkat cells with a Kd value between 0.5 and 1.5 nM. Of the three types of voltage-gated K+ channels present in murine thymocytes, types n and n' are blocked by CTX at nanomolar concentrations. The third variety of K+ channels, \"type l,\" is unaffected by CTX. Noxiustoxin (NTX), a purified toxin from Centruroides noxius known to block Ca2+-activated K+ channels, also blocked type n K+ channels with a high degree of potency (Kd = 0.2 nM). In addition, several types of crude scorpion venoms from the genera Androctonus, Buthus, Centruroides, and Pandinus blocked type n channels. We conclude that CTX and NTX are not specific for Ca2+ activated K+ channels and that purified scorpion toxins will provide useful probes of voltage-gated K+ channels in T lymphocytes. The existence of high-affinity sites for scorpion toxin binding may help to classify structurally related K+ channels and provide a useful tool for their biochemical purification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.93.6.1061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,13]],"date-time":"2004-05-13T23:48:59Z","timestamp":1084492139000},"page":"1061-1074","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1085\/jgp.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":101,"title":["Charybdotoxin blocks voltage-gated K+ channels in human and murine T lymphocytes."],"prefix":"10.1085","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"S B","family":"Sands","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine 92717."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R S","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine 92717."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M D","family":"Cahalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine 92717."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1989,6,1]]},"container-title":["The Journal of general physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jgp\/article-pdf\/93\/6\/1061\/1813930\/1061.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jgp\/article-pdf\/93\/6\/1061\/1813930\/1061.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]],"date-time":"2023-07-27T12:31:06Z","timestamp":1690461066000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jgp\/article\/93\/6\/1061\/27725\/Charybdotoxin-blocks-voltage-gated-K-channels-in"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1989,6,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1085\/jgp.93.6.1061","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1295","1540-7748"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1295","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-7748","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1989,6,1]]}}}