{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T09:13:31Z","timestamp":1775294011227,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,5,1]],"date-time":"1998-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":893980800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,19]],"date-time":"2013-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1374192000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5558,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Human Genetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,5]]},"DOI":"10.1086\/301831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T18:47:41Z","timestamp":1027709261000},"page":"1171-1179","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":137,"title":["Dual Origins of Finns Revealed by Y Chromosome Haplotype Variation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Rick A.","family":"Kittles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Perola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leena","family":"Peltonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew W.","family":"Bergen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Aragon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matti","family":"Virkkunen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markku","family":"Linnoila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Goldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey C.","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/5.11.1759","article-title":"Network analysis of human Y microsatellite haplotypes","volume":"5","author":"Cooper","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.30.10.857","article-title":"Disease gene mapping in isolated human populations: the example of Finland","volume":"30","author":"de la Chapelle","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3166","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.8.3166","article-title":"Mutational processes of simple-sequence repeat loci in human populations","volume":"91","author":"Di Rienzo","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib4","first-page":"1156","article-title":"Genetic polymorphism in Finno-Ugrian populations: Finns, Lapps, and Maris","volume":"9","author":"Eriksson","year":"1973","journal-title":"Israel J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/131.2.479","article-title":"Analysis of molecular variance inferred from metric distances among DNA haplotypes: application of human mitochondrial DNA restriction data","volume":"131","author":"Excoffier","year":"1992","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib6","series-title":"Genetics of the Hungarian population","article-title":"The origins of the Hungarian population","author":"Fodor","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib7","series-title":"Finno-Ugrian languages and peoples","author":"Hajdu","year":"1975"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/6.5.799","article-title":"Estimating Y chromosome specific microsatellite mutation frequencies using deep rooting pedigrees","volume":"6","author":"Heyer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/5.11.1767","article-title":"Recurrent duplication and deletion polymorphisms on the long arm of the Y chromosome in normal males","volume":"5","author":"Jobling","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-9525(00)89144-1","article-title":"Fathers and sons: the Y chromosome and human evolution","volume":"11","author":"Jobling","year":"1995","journal-title":"Trends Genet"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2868","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.75.6.2868","article-title":"Stepwise mutation model and the distribution of allelic frequencies in a finite population","volume":"75","author":"Kimura","year":"1978","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"Suppl 22","key":"10.1086\/301831_bib11","first-page":"139","article-title":"Microsatellite polymorphisms reveal average heterozygosity for Finns comparable with other European populations","author":"Kittles","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib13","first-page":"1309","article-title":"The genetic relationship between the Finns and the Finnish Saami (Lapps): analysis of nuclear DNA and mtDNA","volume":"58","author":"Lahermo","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib14","series-title":"Ancient cultures of the Uralian peoples","first-page":"115","article-title":"The population and prehistory of Finland","author":"Luho","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib15","series-title":"Studies in the anthropology of the Finno-Ugrian peoples, Stencil no. 7. Archaeology Institute","article-title":"The problem of the Finno-Ugrian peoples' origin on the base of archaeological data","author":"Meinander","year":"1973"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/142.3.1061","article-title":"A generic estimation of population subdivision using distances between alleles with special reference for microsatellite loci","volume":"142","author":"Michalakis","year":"1996","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-5223.1972.tb01021.x","article-title":"The Finnish population structure: a genetic and genealogical study","volume":"71","author":"Nevanlinna","year":"1972","journal-title":"Hereditas"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-5223.1973.tb01110.x","article-title":"Further evidence of the inhabitation in a marginal population","volume":"74","author":"Nevanlinna","year":"1973","journal-title":"Hereditas"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib19","series-title":"Molecular evolutionary genetics","author":"Nei","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib20","series-title":"Biocultural aspects of disease","first-page":"359","article-title":"Diseases in Finland and Scandinavia","author":"Norio","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib21","first-page":"109","article-title":"Hereditary diseases in Finland: rare flora in rare soil","volume":"5","author":"Norio","year":"1973","journal-title":"Ann Clin Res"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib22","first-page":"697","article-title":"Messages from an isolate: lessons from the Finnish gene pool","volume":"376","author":"Peltonen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biol Chem Hoppe-Seyler"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/5.7.1029","article-title":"Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) of Y-chromosome\u2013specific microsatellites in two closely related human populations","volume":"5","author":"Roewer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib24","volume":"Vol 1","author":"Ruhlen","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1295-359","article-title":"Language replacement in Scandinavia","volume":"11","author":"Sajantila","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12035","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.21.12035","article-title":"Paternal and maternal DNA lineages reveal a bottleneck in the founding of the Finnish population","volume":"93","author":"Sajantila","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(95)00501-V","article-title":"PCR haplotypes for the human Y chromosome based on alphoid satellite DNA variants and heteroduplex analysis","volume":"165","author":"Santos","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib28","first-page":"914","article-title":"A novel measure of genetic distance for highly polymorphic tandem repeat loci","volume":"12","author":"Shriver","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/139.1.457","article-title":"A measure of population subdivision based on microsatellite allele frequencies","volume":"139","author":"Slatkin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib30","series-title":"PAUP, version 3.1.1","author":"Swofford","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(87)90175-6","article-title":"Structure of the major block of alphoid satellite DNA on the human Y chromosome","volume":"195","author":"Tyler-Smith","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1293-368","article-title":"Localization of DNA sequences required for human centromere function through an analysis of rearranged Y chromosomes","volume":"5","author":"Tyler-Smith","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/133.3.737","article-title":"Allele frequencies at microsatellite loci: the stepwise mutation model revisited","volume":"133","author":"Valdes","year":"1993","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/23.3.495","article-title":"Twenty-year trends in coronary risk factors in North Karelia and in other areas of Finland","volume":"23","author":"Vartiainen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib37","series-title":"Ancient cultures of the Uralian peoples","first-page":"183","article-title":"The formation of the Finnish peasant way of life","author":"Vilkuna","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1994.03950010028004","article-title":"Personality profiles and state aggressiveness in Finnish, alcoholic, violent offenders, fire setters, and healthy volunteers","volume":"51","author":"Virkkunen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1086\/301831_bib39","first-page":"1174","article-title":"Genetic relationships of Asians and Northern Europeans, revealed by Y-chromosomal DNA analysis","volume":"60","author":"Zerjal","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Human Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002929707615390?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002929707615390?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T06:19:32Z","timestamp":1621232372000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002929707615390"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,5]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002929707615390"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/301831","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9297"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9297","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,5]]}}}