{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T04:14:58Z","timestamp":1790396098831,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,21]],"date-time":"2016-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1466467200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":3824,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00194188_abs1\"><jats:title>Objectives.<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare risk factors, clinical features, and outcomes in patients with<jats:italic>Enterococcus avium<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Enterococcus casseliflavus<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Enterococcus durans<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Enterococcus gallinarum<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic>Enterococcus mundtii<\/jats:italic>bacteremia (cases) with those in patients with<jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic>bacteremia (controls).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00194188_abs2\"><jats:title>Design.<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective case-control study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00194188_abs3\"><jats:title>Setting.<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 725-bed, university-affiliated, academic medical center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00194188_abs4\"><jats:title>Patients.<\/jats:title><jats:p>The clinical microbiology database at Northwestern Memorial Hospital from January 1994 to May 2003 was searched to identify cases; each case was matched to one control on the basis of date of admission.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00194188_abs5\"><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty-three cases were identified and matched with 33 controls. The mean duration of hospital stay was longer (29.7 vs 17.2 days;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .03) and the mean time to acquisition of bacteremia was greater (16.5 vs 6.3 days;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .003) for cases than controls. Cases were more likely to have underlying hematologic malignancies (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; .001), to have been treated with corticosteroids (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .02), and to be neutropenic (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .003). Controls were more likely to have an indwelling bladder catheter (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .01), and cases were more likely to have the gastrointestinal tract as a source of infection (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .007) and to have concurrent cholangitis (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .002). There were no differences in severity of illness or in mortality rates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00194188_abs6\"><jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with patients with<jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>bacteremia, patients with non-<jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>, non-<jats:italic>Enterococcus faecium<\/jats:italic>enterococcal bacteremia were more likely to have a hematologic malignancy, prior treatment with corticosteroids, neutropenia, and cholangitis; longer duration of hospital stay was also identified as a clinical feature. However, non-<jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>, non-<jats:italic>E. faecium<\/jats:italic>species are not associated with any differences in mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1086\/500000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,9]],"date-time":"2006-01-09T17:52:46Z","timestamp":1136829166000},"page":"28-33","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Risk Factors and Outcomes Associated With Non\u2013<i>Enterococcus faecalis<\/i>, Non\u2013<i>Enterococcus faecium<\/i>Enterococcal Bacteremia"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Marie A. de","family":"Perio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul R.","family":"Yarnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary A.","family":"Noskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-135-7-200110020-00007"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/380452"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0195-6701(94)90125-2"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.3.1.46"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.35.3.703-707.1997","article-title":"Multiplex PCR detection of vanA, vanB, vanC-1, and van C-2\/3 genes in enterococci","volume":"35","author":"Patel","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.101.6.1644"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3166","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.35.12.3166-3170.1997","article-title":"Clinical and epidemiologic significance of enterococci intrinsically resistant to vancomycin (possessing the vanC genotype)","volume":"35","author":"Toye","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.36.9.2005"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/520283"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/33.6.1083"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.27.4.731-734.1989","article-title":"Identification of enterococcus species isolated from human infections by a conventional test scheme","volume":"27","author":"Facklam","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/164.6.1212"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198510000-00009"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-6553(99)70031-3"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/520192"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref016","volume-title":"Methods for Dilution Antimocrobial Susceptibility Testing for Bacteria that Grow Aerobically","year":"2004"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-198807000-00005"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/20.2.296"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/320542"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-6553(88)90053-3"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clind\/24.4.584"},{"key":"S0899823X00194188_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199507000-00003"}],"container-title":["Infection Control &amp; 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