{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T07:59:49Z","timestamp":1793606389750,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]],"date-time":"2015-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420156800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":5511,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700072957_abs1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To describe the molecular epidemiology of\n                      <jats:italic>Legionella pneumophila<\/jats:italic>\n                      infections in the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics (UIHC).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700072957_abs2\">\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Molecular epidemiological study using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700072957_abs3\">\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A large university teaching hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700072957_abs4\">\n                    <jats:title>Isolates:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All surviving isolates obtained from culture-proven nosocomial\n                      <jats:italic>L pneumophila<\/jats:italic>\n                      infections and all surviving isolates obtained from the University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics' water supply between 1981 and 1993.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700072957_abs5\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty-three isolates from culture-proven nosocomial cases of\n                      <jats:italic>L pneumophila<\/jats:italic>\n                      pneumonia were available for typing. PFGE of genomic DNA from the clinical isolates identified six different strains. However, only strain C (16 cases) and strain D (13 cases) caused more than 1 case. Strain C caused clusters of nosocomial infection in 1981, 1986, and 1993 and also caused 4 sporadic cases. Strain D caused a cluster in 1987 and 1988 plus 4 sporadic cases. Of the six strains causing clinical infections, only strains C and D were identified in water samples. PFGE identified three strains in the water supply, of which strains C and D caused clinical disease and also persisted in the water supply during most of the study period.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700072957_abs6\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Specific strains of\n                      <jats:italic>L pneumophila<\/jats:italic>\n                      can colonize hospital water supplies and cause nosocomial infections over long periods of time.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1086\/501586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,3]],"date-time":"2006-02-03T16:31:03Z","timestamp":1138984263000},"page":"793-797","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Persistence of\n                    <i>Legionella Pneumophila<\/i>\n                    in a Hospital's Water System: A 13-Year Survey"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"M. Sigfrido","family":"Rangel-Frausto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Rhomberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Hollis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Pfaller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard P.","family":"Wenzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles M.","family":"Helms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loreen 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