{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T22:16:12Z","timestamp":1782512172516,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]],"date-time":"2015-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420156800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":4353,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S019594170008512X_abs1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify the source of an outbreak of acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among 3 patients occurring within 8 weeks of hospitalization in the same ward of a Florida hospital during November 1998.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S019594170008512X_abs2\"><jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 41 patients hospitalized between November 11 and 19, 1998. Patients' blood was tested for antibodies to HCV, and HCV RNA-positive samples were genotyped and sequenced.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S019594170008512X_abs3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 41 patients, 24 (59%) participated in the study. HCV genotype 1b infections were found in 5 patients. Three of 4 patients who received saline flushes from a multidose saline vial on November 16 had acute HCV infection, whereas none of the 9 patients who did not receive saline flushes had HCV infection (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= .01). No other significant exposures were identified. The HCV sequence was available for 1 case of acute HCV and differed by a single nucleotide (0.3%) from that of the indeterminate case.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S019594170008512X_abs4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This outbreak of HCV probably occurred when a multidose saline vial was contaminated with blood from an HCV-infected patient. Hospitals should emphasize adherence to standard procedures to prevent blood-borne infections. In addition, the use of single-dose vials or prefilled saline syringes might further reduce the risk for nosocomial transmission of blood-borne pathogens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1086\/502176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,2]],"date-time":"2006-03-02T18:51:30Z","timestamp":1141325490000},"page":"122-127","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Nosocomial Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus Associated With the Use of Multidose Saline Vials"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"G\u00e9rard","family":"Krause","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Jo","family":"Trepka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert 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