{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T06:47:01Z","timestamp":1791010021915,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]],"date-time":"2015-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420156800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":4203,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700081558_abs1\"><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infliximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, used for the treatment of Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Recently, an increased risk of infection due to<jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>and rare cases of invasive fungal disease have been reported following infliximab therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700081558_abs2\"><jats:title>Case Report:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 73-year-old woman with chronic rheumatoid arthritis who had been treated with methotrexate, leflunomide, and prednisone was given the first of three doses of infliximab in June 2001. In July 2001, she presented with cough, and in August, she had a right upper lobe infiltrate that was treated with levofloxacin without improvement. In October, the patient had right upper and middle lobe infiltrates on a chest x-ray and computed tomography scan. At bronchoscopy, an endobronchial mass was biopsied, which demonstrated<jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>. Our patient had frequently accompanied her daughter on visits to another medical center following a stem cell transplant, where her daughter was instructed to wear a mask during all visits because of extensive building construction. We postulate that our patient may have acquired pulmonary aspergillosis during this period. Literature reviews on granulomatous diseases following infliximab therapy and hospital-acquired aspergillosis are presented.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700081558_abs3\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The temporal relationship between the administration of infliximab and<jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>infection in this patient suggests a causal relationship and possible healthcare-associated acquisition. These data underscore the importance of both patient and family education on prevention strategies when potent immune-modulating medications such as infliximab have been prescribed (<jats:italic>Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol<\/jats:italic>2003;24:477-482)<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1086\/502250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,13]],"date-time":"2006-03-13T16:21:01Z","timestamp":1142266861000},"page":"477-482","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis Soon After Therapy With Infliximab, a Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha\u2013Neutralizing Antibody: A Possible Healthcare-Associated Case?"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Francesco G. De","family":"Rosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Shaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony C.","family":"Campagna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul F.","family":"Dellaripa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urmila","family":"Khettry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald E.","family":"Craven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-6701(96)90145-0"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011110"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0195-6701(89)90091-1"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1703332"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197910000-00008"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref005","first-page":"1100","article-title":"Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis associated with infliximab therapy","volume":"344","author":"Keenan","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.3.1847-1855.2001"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.5.1606-1609.1999","article-title":"Invasive aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus ustus: case report and review","volume":"37","author":"Verweij","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(01)01035-X"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref031","unstructured":"Zaman R , Abbas M . Case report of a fatal disseminated histoplasmosis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis following therapy with etanercept and methotrexate. Presented at the 40th Annual Meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America; October 24-27, 2002; Chicago, IL. Abstract 378."},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref001","first-page":"111","article-title":"Infliximab: an updated review of its use in Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"16","author":"Keating","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bio Drugs"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1976.03260300037029"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/030097402317255372"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2000.00777.x"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhin.2000.0799"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cyto.1995.0029"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/513943"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/153.3.634"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref015","first-page":"33","article-title":"Increased recovery of Aspergillus flavus from respiratory specimens during hospital construction","volume":"125","author":"Sarubbi","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199602270-00029"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref008","unstructured":"Shrestha R , Stoller JK , Procop G , Gordon S . Possible zoonotic transmission of Cryptococcus neoformans from a pet cockatiel to a patient associated with infliximab. Presented at the 40th Annual Meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America; October 24-27, 2002; Chicago, IL. Abstract 376."},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref024","first-page":"121","article-title":"Epidemiology and diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in bone marrow transplant patients: results of a 5-year retrospective study","volume":"12","author":"Saugier-Veber","year":"1993","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/516480"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200103223441207"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref013","first-page":"49","article-title":"Pulmonary aspergillosis during hospital renovation","volume":"118","author":"Arnow","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(01)02104-7"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mic.2000.106055"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200104053441415","article-title":"Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis associated with infliximab therapy","volume":"344","author":"Warris","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0195-6701(90)90032-J"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0195-6701(89)90110-2"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref007","unstructured":"Starrett WG , Czachor J , Dallal M , Drehmer T . Cryptococcal pneumonia following treatment with infliximab for rheumatoid arthritis. Presented at the 40th Annual Meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America; October 24-27, 2002; Chicago, IL. Abstract 374."},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref009","unstructured":"Marty FM , Lee SJ , Alyea EP , Soiffer RJ , Antin JH , Baden LR . Risk of non-Candida invasive fungal infections in allogeneic bone marrow transplant patients who received infliximab to control severe graft v. host disease. Presented at the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy; September 27-30, 2002; San Diego, CA. Abstract M-1234."},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)61749-2"},{"key":"S0195941700081558_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.03836.x","article-title":"Reactivation tuberculosis in a patient with anti\u2013TNF-alpha treatment","volume":"96","author":"Nunez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Infection Control &amp; Hospital Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0195941700081558","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,24]],"date-time":"2021-07-24T20:00:21Z","timestamp":1627156821000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0195941700081558\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0195941700081558"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/502250","relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-823X","1559-6834"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0899-823X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-6834","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]}}}