{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T12:45:46Z","timestamp":1773751546543,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]],"date-time":"2015-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420156800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":3714,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700080966_abs1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Indwelling urinary catheters are the most common source of infections in intensive care units (ICUs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of nurse-generated daily reminders to physicians to remove unnecessary urinary catheters 5 days after insertion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700080966_abs2\"><jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A time-sequence nonrandomized intervention study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700080966_abs3\"><jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adult ICUs (medical, surgical, cardiovascular surgical, neurosurgical, and coronary care) of a tertiary-care university medical center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700080966_abs4\"><jats:title>Patients:<\/jats:title><jats:p>All patients admitted to the adult ICUs during a 2-year period. The study consisted of a 12-month observational phase (15,960 patient-days) followed by a 12-month intervention phase (15,525 patient-days).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700080966_abs5\"><jats:title>Intervention:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Daily reminders to physicians from the nursing staff to remove unnecessary urinary catheters 5 days after insertion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700080966_abs6\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The duration of urinary catheterization was significantly reduced during the intervention phase (from 7.0 \u00b1 1.1 days to 4.6 \u00b1 0.7 days; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001). The rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) was also significantly reduced (from 11.5 \u00b1 3.1 to 8.3 \u00b1 2.5 patients with CAUTI per 1,000 catheter-days; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .009). There was a linear relationship between the monthly average duration of catheterization and the rate of CAUTI (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.50; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .01). The excess monthly cost of antibiotics for CAUTI was reduced by 69% (from $4,021 \u00b1 $1,800 to $1,220 \u00b1 $941; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .004).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700080966_abs7\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study demonstrated that a simple measure instituted as part of a continuous quality improvement program significantly reduced the duration of urinary catheterization, rate of CAUTI, and additional costs of antibiotics to manage CAUTI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1086\/502329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,14]],"date-time":"2006-04-14T18:06:11Z","timestamp":1145037971000},"page":"974-978","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":127,"title":["Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections in Intensive Care Units Can Be Reduced by Prompting Physicians to Remove Unnecessary 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