{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T18:44:01Z","timestamp":1791139441580,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]],"date-time":"2015-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420156800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":3867,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700086094_abs1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Surgical-site infection (SSI) is a serious and costly complication following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). We analyzed surgical factors, microbiology, and complications at a 608-bed community teaching hospital to identify opportunities for prevention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700086094_abs2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>All patients undergoing CABG procedures from June 1997 through December 2000 were analyzed. Hospital records and postdischarge surveillance data were reviewed for demographics, surgical information, timing and classification of infection, microbiology, and bacteremic events.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700086094_abs3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 3,443 patients undergoing CABG, sternal SSI developed in 122 (3.5%); 71 (58.2%) were classified as superficial SSI and 51 (41.8%) as deep SSI. Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis was employed in all cases. On average, infection occurred 21.5 days (range, 4 to 315) after CABG. Most cases were diagnosed on readmission (59%); 20 cases (16%) were identified by postdischarge surveillance. Microbiological data were positive in 109 (89.3%), with a single pathogen implicated in most (86.2%). Gram-positive cocci were most frequently recovered (81%); gram-negative bacilli (17%), gram-positive bacilli (1%), and yeast (1%) were less common. <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> was the most frequently isolated pathogen (49%). Bacteremia was noted in 22 instances (18%). It was significantly associated with deep SSI (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =. 002) and identified only in <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700086094_abs4\"><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>SSI complicated 3.5% of the procedures. <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> was implicated in most of the cases and was significantly associated with deep SSI. It was the only pathogen associated with secondary bacteremia. In addition to standard guidelines, targeted methods against <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> should help reduce the overall rate of SSI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1086\/502423","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,14]],"date-time":"2006-04-14T17:30:18Z","timestamp":1145035818000},"page":"468-471","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Sternal Surgical-Site Infection Following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Prevalence, Microbiology, and Complications During a 42-Month Period"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Mamta","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorine","family":"Berriel-Cass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Joseph","family":"Baran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0195941700015241"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/171.1.216"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1622.2000.01742.x"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.8.2245"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)62035-8"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-7940(05)80064-8"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.27.5.806-807.1989","article-title":"Microbiology of postthoracotomy sternal wound infection","volume":"27","author":"Brook","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa003069"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(90)90138-V"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(90)90254-4"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(96)00834-X"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-7940(97)01210-4"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/516068"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(98)00063-0"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(96)70222-2"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(90)90136-T"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.110.5.1173"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/156.6.967"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-7940(98)00255-3"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref020","first-page":"595","article-title":"Mediastinitis in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass: risk analysis and midterm results","volume":"38","author":"El Oakley","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/22.3.424"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199904000-00020"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(94)70470-8","article-title":"Risk factors for operative mortality and sternal wound infection in bilateral internal mammary artery grafting","volume":"107","author":"He","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref012","first-page":"170","article-title":"Occurrence of and microbiological findings in postoperative infections following open-heart surgery: effect on mortality and hospital stay","volume":"19","author":"Verkkala","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann Clin Res"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref017","first-page":"709","article-title":"Risk factors of deep sternal wound infection in coronary artery bypass graft surgery","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(97)01003-5"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/30141170"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/20.2.272"},{"key":"S0195941700086094_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(90)90256-6"}],"container-title":["Infection Control &amp; 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