{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T12:19:28Z","timestamp":1790857168840,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,1]]},"DOI":"10.1086\/503841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,2]],"date-time":"2006-05-02T21:15:03Z","timestamp":1146604503000},"page":"1527-1535","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Fatal Hemorrhagic Fever Caused by West Nile Virus in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"C. D.","family":"Paddock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. L.","family":"Nicholson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Bhatnagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. S.","family":"Goldsmith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. W.","family":"Greer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. B.","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. A.","family":"Risko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. G.","family":"Blackmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. S.","family":"Lanciotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. L.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. R.","family":"Zaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1_5283269","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-70-1-37","volume":"70","author":"Calisher","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of General Virology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0022-1317","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"2_38508404","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1086\/313737","volume":"30","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1058-4838","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"24","key":"3_11176364","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200106143442401","volume":"344","author":"Nash","year":"2001","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0028-4793","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"4_11347976","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0704.010409","volume":"7","author":"Weiss","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerging infectious diseases","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1080-6040","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"5_18088451","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1089\/153036604773083004","volume":"4","author":"O'Leary","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1530-3667","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"6_38525406","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1086\/380458","volume":"38","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1058-4838","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"11","key":"7_17646316","first-page":"1399","volume":"168","author":"Pepperell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Canadian Medical Association Journal","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0820-3946","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"8_25220119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0769-2617(87)80007-2","volume":"138","year":"1987","journal-title":"Annales de l'Institut Pasteur. Virology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0769-2617","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"8","key":"9_17166779","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0808.020027","volume":"8","author":"Burt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerging infectious diseases","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1080-6040","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"8","key":"10_19329056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1108.050289a","volume":"11","author":"Hayes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerging infectious diseases","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1080-6040","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"11_6574147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.5.1823-1826.2000","volume":"38","author":"Martin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0095-1137","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"12_38525874","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1086\/381894","volume":"38","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1058-4838","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"13_32679721","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1309\/3489075U03LMK9AE","volume":"122","author":"Guarner","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Pathology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0002-9173","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"8","key":"14_18285227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2004.04.008","volume":"35","author":"Guarner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Human pathology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0046-8177","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"9276","key":"15_11244877","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)05327-2","volume":"358","author":"Martin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0140-6736","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"16_6084446","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-0934(98)00003-2","volume":"72","author":"Kuno","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of virological methods","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0166-0934","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"17_11130837","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1922","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.5.1922-1927.2001","volume":"39","author":"Scaramozzino","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0095-1137","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"11","key":"18_10534875","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4066","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.11.4066-4071.2000","volume":"38","author":"Lanciotti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0095-1137","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"19_11094424","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.4.1264-1271.2001","volume":"39","author":"Shi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0095-1137","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"20_11345123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0704.010425","volume":"7","author":"Johnson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerging infectious diseases","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1080-6040","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"21_17663577","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2408","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.6.2408-2416.2003","volume":"41","author":"Shu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0095-1137","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"22_9774090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.30.3.545-551.1992","volume":"30","author":"Lanciotti","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0095-1137","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"22","key":"24_35351160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4673","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/22.22.4673","volume":"22","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Research","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0305-1048","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"25_3419915","first-page":"363","volume":"66","author":"Goldblum","year":"1957","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0096-5294","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"26_38568938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1086\/381461","volume":"189","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0022-1899","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"27_11480878","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb02697.x","volume":"951","author":"DEUBEL","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0077-8923","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"28_17481921","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2578","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.4.2578-2586.2003","volume":"77","author":"Diamond","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Virology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0022-538X","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"8","key":"29_38569931","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1086\/383043","volume":"189","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0022-1899","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"30_38405498","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"MASTER","DOI":"10.1093\/jnlids\/161.4.685","volume":"-1","year":"-1","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0022-1899","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"31_38273137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01242158","volume":"12","year":"1962","journal-title":"Archiv f&#x00A0;&#x00A0;r die gesamte Virusforschung","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0003-9012","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"32_18717549","first-page":"37","volume":"50","author":"Pisarev","year":"2005","journal-title":"Voprosy virusologii","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0507-4088","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"33_17887663","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(03)00866-3","volume":"136","author":"Kaiser","year":"2003","journal-title":"American journal of ophthalmology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0002-9394","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"34_18503951","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.05.031","volume":"51","author":"Anderson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0190-9622","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"35_3313848","first-page":"259","volume":"64","author":"Goldblum","year":"1956","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0096-5294","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"36_18310194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-141-5-200409070-00010","volume":"141","author":"Watson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0003-4819","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"37_36396359","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.37-3-208","volume":"37","author":"Steele","year":"2000","journal-title":"Veterinary Pathology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0300-9858","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"38_19335385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-41.2.354","volume":"41","author":"Gibbs","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0090-3558","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"39_37254484","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2005.07.022","volume":"342","year":"2005","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1096-0341","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"13","key":"40_19229043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030969","volume":"349","year":"2003","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0028-4793","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"41_21362252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20051970","volume":"203","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0022-1007","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"10","key":"42_38537255","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1086\/497340","volume":"192","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0022-1899","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"14","key":"43_19673176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9322","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.142287799","volume":"99","year":"2002","journal-title":"PNAS","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0027-8424","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"17","key":"44_19673545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11311","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.172195399","volume":"99","year":"2002","journal-title":"PNAS","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0027-8424","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"45_3785145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.48.2.160","volume":"48","author":"Goodman","year":"1962","journal-title":"PNAS","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0027-8424","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"12","key":"46_17994772","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0912.030564","volume":"9","author":"Estrada-Franco","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emerging infectious diseases","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1080-6040","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"47_16986977","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0803.010238","volume":"8","author":"Tesh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerging infectious diseases","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1080-6040","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"48_21623896","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a121358","volume":"94","author":"PRICE","year":"1971","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0002-9262","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"49_6950376","first-page":"274","volume":"57","author":"Albagali","year":"1959","journal-title":"Harefuah","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0017-7768","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"50_12805395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1974.23.1150","volume":"23","author":"Perelman","year":"1974","journal-title":"The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0002-9637","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"51_11087403","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0701.010118","volume":"7","author":"Platonov","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerging infectious diseases","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1080-6040","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"52_10336324","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1053\/hp.2000.8047","volume":"31","author":"Sampson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Human pathology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0046-8177","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"53_18644862","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200501273520423","volume":"352","author":"Batuello","year":"2005","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0028-4793","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"54_18548847","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0491","volume":"114","author":"Yim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0031-4005","issn-type":"print"}],"container-title":["Clinical Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article-pdf\/42\/11\/1527\/791635\/42-11-1527.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]],"date-time":"2020-04-14T11:32:33Z","timestamp":1586863953000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1086\/503841"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,1]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/503841","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-4838","1537-6591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-4838","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6591","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,1]]}}}