{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:48:28Z","timestamp":1787240908006,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]],"date-time":"2015-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420156800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":2772,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0195941700046518_abs1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Persons who receive live attenuated vaccine may occasionally transmit the vaccine strain to others. The risk of such transmission is a concern, especially for persons who provide care to immunocompromised patients (ie, family and healthcare workers [HCWs]). Since the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices released guidelines 10 years ago, several new live attenuated products have been introduced, and additional information on older vaccines has become available. To better define the risk of transmission associated with live vaccines, we reviewed the currently available literature.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700046518_abs2\">\n                    <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A review of the medical literature revealed no major risk of transmission associated with any live attenuated vaccine. A theoretical risk continues to exist for the live attenuated intranasal influenza vaccine and the smallpox vaccine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700046518_abs3\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The available data support routine vaccination with live attenuated vaccines for all household contacts of immunocompromised patients and for HCWs caring for such Patients. The benefit for immunocompromised patients of providing herd immunity against this group of potentially devastating pathogens outweighs the risk, if any, of secondary transmission.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1086\/517952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,18]],"date-time":"2007-05-18T08:58:55Z","timestamp":1179478735000},"page":"702-707","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Risk of Transmission Associated With Live Attenuated Vaccines Given to Healthy Persons Caring for or Residing With an Immunocompromised Patient"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Mini","family":"Kamboj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kent A.","family":"Sepkowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0195941700046518_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(94)70318-3"},{"key":"S0195941700046518_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)91274-9"},{"key":"S0195941700046518_ref023","first-page":"401","article-title":"Exposure to mumps during air travel\u2014United States, April 2006","volume":"55","year":"2006","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"S0195941700046518_ref020","first-page":"603","article-title":"Measles pneumonitis following measles-mumps-rubella vaccination of a patient with HIV infection, 1993","volume":"45","year":"1996","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"S0195941700046518_ref017","first-page":"1","article-title":"Measles, mumps, and rubella\u2014vaccine use and strategies for elimination of measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome and control of mumps: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)","volume":"47","author":"Watson","year":"1998","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"S0195941700046518_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.21.2720"},{"key":"S0195941700046518_ref024","first-page":"366","article-title":"Mumps epidemic\u2014Iowa, 2006","volume":"55","year":"2006","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"S0195941700046518_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/165.1.186"},{"key":"S0195941700046518_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.1.136"},{"key":"S0195941700046518_ref005","first-page":"1053","article-title":"Poliovirus infections in four unvaccinated children\u2014Minnesota, August-October 2005","volume":"54","year":"2005","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"S0195941700046518_ref032","first-page":"103","article-title":"Secondary and tertiary transfer of vaccinia virus among U.S. military personnel\u2014United States and worldwide, 2002-2004","volume":"53","year":"2004","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"S0195941700046518_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/502574"},{"key":"S0195941700046518_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.14.1696"},{"key":"S0195941700046518_ref003","first-page":"855","article-title":"Update: Outbreak of poliomyelitis\u2014Dominican Republic and Haiti, 2000-2001","volume":"50","year":"2001","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"S0195941700046518_ref025","unstructured":"FluMist [package insert]. 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