{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T05:52:43Z","timestamp":1791093163640,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]],"date-time":"2015-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420156800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":1949,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0195941700037516_abs1\"><jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess whether infection control indicators are associated with the prevalence of methicillin-resistant<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>(MRSA) infection in French hospitals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700037516_abs2\"><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>We linked the database for the 2006 national prevalence survey of nosocomial infection with the database of infection control indicators (comprised of ICALIN, an indicator of infection control organization, resources, and action, and ICSHA, an indicator of alcohol-based handrub consumption) recorded from hospitals by the Ministry of Health. Data on MRSA infection were obtained from the national prevalence survey database and included the site and origin of infection, the microorganism responsible, and its drug resistance profile. Because the prevalence of MRSA infection was low and often nil, especially in small hospitals, we restricted our analysis to hospitals with at least 300 Patients. We used a multilevel logistic regression model to assess the joint effects of patient-level variables (eg, age, sex, or infection) and hospital-level variables (infection control indicators).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700037516_abs3\"><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two hundred two hospitals had at least 300 patients, for a total of 128,631 Patients. The overall prevalence of MRSA infection was 0.34% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29%-0.39%). The mean value for ICSHA was 7.8 L per 1,000 patient-days (median, 6.1 L per 1,000 patient-days; range, 0-33 L per 1,000 patient-days). The mean value for ICALIN was 92 of a possible 100 points (median, 94.5;range, 67-100). Multilevel analyses showed that ICALIN scores were associated with the prevalence of MRSA infection (odds ratio for a score change of 1 standard deviation, 0.80;95% CI, 0.69-0.93). We found no association between prevalence of MRSA infection and ICSHA. Other variables significantly associated with the prevalence of MRSA infection were sex, vascular or urinary catheter, previous surgery, and the McCabe score.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700037516_abs4\"><jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found a significant association between the prevalence of MRSA infection and ICALIN that suggested that a higher ICALIN score may be predictive of a lower prevalence of MRSA infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1086\/599774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,28]],"date-time":"2009-07-28T18:40:57Z","timestamp":1248806457000},"page":"861-869","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Relationship between the Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant<i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>Infection and Indicators of Nosocomial Infection Control Measures A Population-Based Study in French Hospitals"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Leslie","family":"Grammatico-Guillon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Michel","family":"Thiolet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascale","family":"Bernillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Coignard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Babak","family":"Khoshnood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Claude","family":"Desenclos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/425288"},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref008","first-page":"429","article-title":"Pr\u00e9valence des infections nosocomiales, France, 2006","volume":"51","author":"Thiolet","year":"2007","journal-title":"BEH"},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref017","first-page":"535","article-title":"Modeling correlated data in epidemiology: mixed or marginal model?","volume":"47","author":"Chavance","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique"},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref014","unstructured":"Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 et des Solidarit\u00e9s. D\u00e9marche construction des indicateurs du tableau de bord des infections nosocomiales. 2003. Available at: http:\/\/www.sante.gouv.fr\/htm\/dossiers\/nosoco\/tab_bord\/demarche.htm. Accessed July 14, 2009."},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.55.11.791"},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-7-34"},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/501656"},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref022","volume-title":"Multilevel Modelling of Health Statistics","author":"Leyland","year":"2001"},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/522678"},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl343"},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref010","unstructured":"Statistiques annuelles des Etablissements de sant\u00e9. SAE-diffusion. Available at: http:\/\/www.sae-diffusion.sante.gouv.fr. 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Accessed July 14, 2009."},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref021","first-page":"19035","article-title":"Recent trends in antimicrobial resistance among Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus isolates: the French experience","volume":"13","author":"Azanowsky","year":"2008","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxh006"},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/533590"},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref001","unstructured":"Lepoutre A , Branger B , Carreau N , et al. R\u00e9seau d'alerte d'investigation et de surveillance des infections nosocomiales (RAISIN). Deuxi\u00e8me enqu\u00eate nationale de pr\u00e9valence des infections nosocomiales, France, 2001. Available at: http:\/\/www.invs.sante.fr\/publications\/2005\/snmi\/pdf\/infections_noso_enquete.pdf. Accessed July 14, 2009."},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref003","unstructured":"Astagneau P , Costa Y , Legrand P , et al; Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 et des Solidarit\u00e9s et Comit\u00e9 technique national des infections nosocomiales. Ma\u00eetrise de la diffusion des bact\u00e9ries multir\u00e9sistantes aux antibiotiques. Paris: Minist\u00e8re de l'Emploi et des Solidarit\u00e9s, 1999."},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref015","volume-title":"Hierarchical Linear Models: Applications and Data Analysis Methods","author":"Raudenbush","year":"2002"},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2005.04.001"},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.publhealth.21.1.171"},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref013","unstructured":"Leleu G . Mesure du score de Mac Cabe et score de Kanaus. Modified 2004. Available at: http:\/\/www.srlf.org\/pos\/scores\/score-mac-cabe.html. Accessed July 14, 2009."},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref002","unstructured":"Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 et des Solidarit\u00e9s. Programme national de lutte contre les infections nosocomiales 2005-2008. Available at: http:\/\/www.sante.gouv.fr\/htm\/actu\/infect_nosocol81104\/prog.pdf. Accessed July 14, 2009."},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-148-2-200801150-00006"},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref007","unstructured":"Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 et des Solidarit\u00e9s. Construction de l'indicateur ICSHA du tableau de bord des infections nosocomiales. 2006. Available at: http:\/\/www.sante.gouv.fr\/htm\/dossiers\/nosoco\/tab_bord\/icsha\/doc_pdf7fiche_sha.pdf. Accessed July 14, 2009."},{"key":"S0195941700037516_ref028","unstructured":"Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 et des Solidarit\u00e9s. Circulaire de mise en place des indicateurs du tableau de bord des infections nosocomiales. 2007. Available at: http:\/\/www.sante.gouv.fr\/htm\/dossiers\/nosoco\/tab_bord\/documents\/circulaire_231_130607.pdf. 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