{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T05:35:38Z","timestamp":1767159338132,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]],"date-time":"2015-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420156800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":6151,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700087087_abs1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify the etiologic agent and risk factors associated with a hospital ward outbreak of gastroenteritis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700087087_abs2\">\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A regional referral hospital in upstate South Carolina.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700087087_abs3\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We reviewed patient charts, surveyed staff, and tested stool from acutely ill persons. A case was defined as diarrhea and vomiting in a staff member or patient from January 5 to 13, 1996.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700087087_abs4\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The initial case occurred on January 5 in a staff nurse who subsequently was hospitalized on the ward and visited by many staff colleagues. The staff were at a significantly greater risk for gastroenteritis than were patients (28\/89 [31%] vs 10\/91 [11%]; relative risk [RR], 2.9; 95% confidence interval [CI\n                      <jats:sub>95<\/jats:sub>\n                      ], 1.5-5.5). All 10 case-patients had been exposed to case-nurses (assigned nurses who were primary caretakers), and eight had documented exposure to case-nurses 1 to 2 days before their illness. Patients exposed to case-nurses had a significantly increased risk of illness (8\/57 [14%] vs 0\/32; RR, &gt;4.5; CI\n                      <jats:sub>95<\/jats:sub>\n                      , undefined). Neither staff nor patients had significantly increased risk from food, water, ice, or exposure to case-patients. Electron microscopy identified small round-structured viruses (SRSVs) in nine of nine stool samples.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700087087_abs5\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This nosocomial outbreak of gastroenteritis was likely caused by SRSVs introduced by a staff member and spread via person-to-person transmission from and among staff. The potential for spread of SRSV-associated gastroenteritis from and among staff should be considered in developing strategies to prevent similar outbreaks in hospital settings<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1086\/647788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,16]],"date-time":"2009-09-16T14:13:38Z","timestamp":1253110418000},"page":"162-167","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["A Viral Gastroenteritis Outbreak Associated with Person-to-Person Spread Among Hospital Staff"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Victor M.","family":"C\u00e1ceres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David K.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph S.","family":"Bresee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Horan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline S.","family":"Noel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamie","family":"Ando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Connie J.","family":"Steed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Greenville Hospital System"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. 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