{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T03:00:13Z","timestamp":1773284413609,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]],"date-time":"2015-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420156800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":1646,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0195941700086306_abs1\"><jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the epidemiological characteristics of postoperative invasive <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> infection following 4 types of major surgical procedures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700086306_abs2\"><jats:title>Design.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700086306_abs3\"><jats:title>Setting.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eleven hospitals (9 community hospitals and 2 tertiary care hospitals) in North Carolina and Virginia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700086306_abs4\"><jats:title>Patients.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adults undergoing orthopedic, neurosurgical, cardiothoracic, and plastic surgical procedures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700086306_abs5\"><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used previously validated, prospectively collected surgical surveillance data for surgical site infection and microbiological data for bloodstream infection. The study period was 2003 through 2006. We defined invasive <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> infection as either nonsuperficial incisional surgical site infection or bloodstream infection. Nonparametric bootstrapping was used to generate 95% confidence intervals (CIs). <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> values were generated using the Pearson <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> test, Student <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test, or Wilcoxon rank-sum test, as appropriate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700086306_abs6\"><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 81,267 patients underwent 96,455 procedures during the study period. The overall incidence of invasive <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> infection was 0.47 infections per 100 procedures (95% CI, 0.43\u20130.52); 227 (51%) of 446 infections were due to methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>. Invasive <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> infection was more common after cardiothoracic procedures (incidence, 0.79 infections per 100 procedures [95% CI, 0.62\u20130.97]) than after orthopedic procedures (0.37 infections per 100 procedures [95% CI, 0.32\u20130.42]), neurosurgical procedures (0.62 infections per 100 procedures [95% CI, 0.53\u20130.72]), or plastic surgical procedures (0.32 infections per 100 procedures [95% CI, 0.17\u00ac0.47]) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001). Similarly, <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> bloodstream infection was most common after cardiothoracic procedures (incidence, 0.57 infections per 100 procedures [95% CI, 0.43\u20130.72]; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001, compared with other procedure types), comprising almost three-quarters of the invasive <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> infections after these procedures. The highest rate of surgical site infection was observed after neurosurgical procedures (incidence, 0.50 infections per 100 procedures [95% CI, 0.42\u20130.59]; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001, compared with other procedure types), comprising 80% of invasive <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> infections after these procedures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0195941700086306_abs7\"><jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title><jats:p>The frequency and type of postoperative invasive <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> infection varied significantly across procedure types. The highest risk procedures, such as cardiothoracic procedures, should be targeted for ongoing preventative interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1086\/653205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,2]],"date-time":"2010-06-02T12:08:51Z","timestamp":1275480531000},"page":"701-709","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Variation in the Type and Frequency of Postoperative Invasive <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i> Infections According to Type of Surgical Procedure"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Deverick J.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean Marie","family":"Arduino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shelby D.","family":"Reed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Sexton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keith S.","family":"Kaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chelsea A.","family":"Grussemeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Senaka A.","family":"Peter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chantelle","family":"Hardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong II","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joelle Y.","family":"Friedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Vance G.","family":"Fowler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0195941700086306_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004020000174"},{"key":"S0195941700086306_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000079105.65762.DB"},{"key":"S0195941700086306_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2005.03.035"},{"key":"S0195941700086306_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/522186"},{"key":"S0195941700086306_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-1040(07)90201-9"},{"key":"S0195941700086306_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/520731"},{"key":"S0195941700086306_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/501572"},{"key":"S0195941700086306_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199910000-00008"},{"key":"S0195941700086306_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/324622"},{"key":"S0195941700086306_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/502421"},{"key":"S0195941700086306_ref016","unstructured":"The National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) Manual\u2014Patient Safety Component Protocol. 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