{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T07:19:42Z","timestamp":1777533582875,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]],"date-time":"2015-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420156800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":1066,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0195941700030599_abs1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      is a cause of community- and healthcare-acquired infections and is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and costs. Vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) among S.\n                      <jats:italic>aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      have increased, and reduced vancomycin susceptibility (RVS) may be associated with treatment failure. We aimed to identify clinical risk factors for RVS in\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      bacteremia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700030599_abs2\">\n                    <jats:title>Design.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Case-control.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700030599_abs3\">\n                    <jats:title>Setting.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Academic tertiary care medical center and affiliated urban community hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700030599_abs4\">\n                    <jats:title>Patients.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cases were patients with RVS\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates (defined as vancomycin E-test MIC &gt;1.0\n                      <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                      g\/mL). Controls were patients with non-RVS\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700030599_abs5\">\n                    <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 392 subjects, 134 (34.2%) had RVS. Fifty-eight of 202 patients (28.7%) with methicillin-susceptible S.\n                      <jats:italic>aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (MSSA) isolates had RVS, and 76 of 190 patients (40.0%) with methicillin-resistant\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (MRSA) isolates had RVS (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .02). In unadjusted analyses, prior vancomycin use was associated with RVS (odds ratio [OR], 2.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00\u20134.32;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .046). In stratified analyses, there was significant effect modification by methicillin susceptibility on the association between vancomycin use and RVS (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .04). In multivariate analyses, after hospital of admission and prior levofloxacin use were controlled for, the association between vancomycin use and RVS was significant for patients with MSSA infection (adjusted OR, 4.02; 95% CI, 1.11\u201314.50) but not MRSA infection (adjusted OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.36\u20132.13).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0195941700030599_abs6\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A substantial proportion of patients with\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      bacteremia had RVS. The association between prior vancomycin use and RVS was significant for patients with MSSA infection but not MRSA infection, suggesting a complex relationship between the clinical and molecular epidemiology of RVS in\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus.<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol<\/jats:italic>\n                      2012;33(2):160-166\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1086\/663708","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,6]],"date-time":"2012-01-06T17:57:25Z","timestamp":1325872645000},"page":"160-166","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Prior Vancomycin Use Is a Risk Factor for Reduced Vancomycin Susceptibility in Methicillin-Susceptible but Not Methicillin-Resistant\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    Bacteremia"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Kara B.","family":"Mascitti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul H.","family":"Edelstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neil O.","family":"Fishman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Knashawn H.","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew 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