{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T15:19:33Z","timestamp":1776871173423,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]],"date-time":"2015-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420156800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":976,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S019594170004145X_abs1\"><jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are an important source of secondary healthcare-associated bloodstream infections (BSIs), where a potential for prevention exists. This study describes the epidemiology of BSIs secondary to a urinary source (U-BSIs) in the province of Qu\u00e9bec and predictors of mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S019594170004145X_abs2\"><jats:title>Design.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dynamic cohort of 9,377,830 patient-days followed through a provincial voluntary surveillance program targeting all episodes of healthcare-associated BSIs occurring in acute care hospitals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S019594170004145X_abs3\"><jats:title>Setting.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty-one hospitals in Qu\u00e9bec, followed between April 1, 2007, and March 31, 2010.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S019594170004145X_abs4\"><jats:title>Participants.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients admitted to participating hospitals for 48 hours or longer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S019594170004145X_abs5\"><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Descriptive statistics were used to summarize characteristics of U-BSIs and microorganisms involved. Wilcoxon and X<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> tests were used to compare U-BSI episodes with other BSIs. Negative binomial regression was used to identify hospital characteristics associated with higher rates. We explored determinants of mortality using logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S019594170004145X_abs6\"><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 7,217 reported BSIs, 1,510 were U-BSIs (21%), with an annual rate of 1.4 U-BSIs per 10,000 patient-days. A urinary device was used in 71% of U-BSI episodes. Identified institutional risk factors were average length of stay, teaching status, and hospital size. Increasing hospital size was influential only in nonteaching hospitals. Age, nonhematogenous neoplasia, <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>, and Foley catheters were associated with mortality at 30 days.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S019594170004145X_abs7\"><jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title><jats:p>U-BSI characteristics suggest that urinary catheters may remain in patients for ease of care or because practitioners forget to remove them. Ongoing surveillance will enable hospitals to monitor trends in U-BSIs and impacts of process surveillance that will be implemented shortly.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1086\/665323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,4]],"date-time":"2012-04-04T15:30:00Z","timestamp":1333553400000},"page":"456-462","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Healthcare-Associated Bloodstream Infections Secondary to a Urinary Focus The Qu\u00e9bec Provincial Surveillance Results"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Elise","family":"Fortin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Rocher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Frenette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claude","family":"Tremblay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Quach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2009.12.004"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2007.07.033"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/591066"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/148.1.57"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref002","volume-title":"Surveillance des Bact\u00e9ri\u00e9mies Nosocomiales Associ\u00e9es aux Acc\u00e8s Veineux en H\u00e9modialyse: Avril 2007-Mars 2008","author":"Frenette","year":"2010"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2006.03.001"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref004","volume-title":"Surveillance des Bact\u00e9ri\u00e9mies Nosocomiales Panhospitali\u00e8res: Avril 2007-Mars 2008","author":"Rocher","year":"2009"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref007","volume-title":"Surveillance des Bact\u00e9ri\u00e9mies Nosocomiales en France-R\u00e9seau BN-Raisin: R\u00e9sultats 2004","author":"Bussy-Malgrange","year":"2008"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref014","volume-title":"EARSS Annual Report 2008: Ongoing Surveillance of S","year":"2009"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2010.07.007","article-title":"Surveillance Provinciale des Infections Nosocomiales (SPIN) program: implementation of a mandatory surveillance program for central line-associated bloodstream infections","volume":"39","author":"Foritela","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0702.010240"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref003","volume-title":"Surveillance Provinciale des Bact\u00e9ri\u00e9mies Nosocomiales \u00e0 Staphylococcus aureus: Rapport 2008","author":"Galarneau","year":"2009"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref023","article-title":"Epidemiology of central line-associated bloodstream infections in Qu\u00e9bec intensive care units: a 6-year review","author":"Fontela","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2008.03.002"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref013","first-page":"418","volume-title":"Modern Epidemiology","author":"Greenland","year":"2008"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2006.09.006"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2009.10.001"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref012","volume-title":"Surveillance des Bact\u00e9ri\u00e9mies Nosocomiales dans les Centres Hospitaliers de Soins Aigus du Qu\u00e9bec: Protocole","author":"Frenette","year":"2007"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref005","volume-title":"Surveillance des Bact\u00e9ri\u00e9mies Nosocomiales Panhospitali\u00e8res: Avril 2009-Mars 2010","author":"Fortin","year":"2010"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02561527"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref022","volume-title":"La Pr\u00e9valence du Cancer au Qu\u00e9bec en 1999","author":"Louchini","year":"2005"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref010","first-page":"156","volume-title":"Practical Healthcare Epidemiology","author":"Cober","year":"2010"},{"key":"S019594170004145X_ref021","unstructured":"Institut National de Sant\u00e9 Publique du Qu\u00e9bec. Pr\u00e9valence des Principaux Probl\u00e8mes de Sant\u00e9 Chroniques, Population de 12 ans et plus, Qu\u00e9bec, 2007-2008. Qu\u00e9bec: Institut National de Sant\u00e9 Publique du Qu\u00e9bec, 2010. http:\/\/www.inspq.qc.ca\/Santescope\/element.asp?NoEle=101. Accessed September 28, 2011."}],"container-title":["Infection Control &amp; Hospital Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S019594170004145X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]],"date-time":"2019-04-25T17:45:45Z","timestamp":1556214345000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S019594170004145X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S019594170004145X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/665323","relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-823X","1559-6834"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0899-823X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-6834","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}}}