{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T11:14:57Z","timestamp":1790507697183,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,10]],"date-time":"2016-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462838400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":860,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00190683_abs1\"><jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the relative importance of independent risk factors for peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) failure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00190683_abs2\"><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Secondary data analysis from a randomized controlled trial of PIVC dwell time. The Prentice, Williams, and Peterson statistical model was used to identify and compare risk factors for phlebitis, occlusion, and accidental removal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00190683_abs3\"><jats:title>Setting.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three acute care hospitals in Queensland, Australia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00190683_abs4\"><jats:title>Participants.<\/jats:title><jats:p>The trial included 3,283 adult medical and surgical patients (5,907 catheters) with a PIVC with greater than 4 days of expected use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00190683_abs5\"><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Modifiable risk factors for occlusion included hand, antecubital fossa, or upper arm insertion compared with forearm (hazard ratio [HR], 1.47 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.28\u20131.68], 1.27 [95% CI, 1.08\u20131.49], and 1.25 [95% CI, 1.04\u20131.50], respectively); and for phlebitis, larger diameter PIVC (HR, 1.48 [95% CI, 1.08\u20132.03]). PIVCs inserted by the operating and radiology suite staff had lower occlusion risk than ward insertions (HR, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.67\u20130.94]). Modifiable risks for accidental removal included hand or antecubital fossa insertion compared with forearm (HR, 2.45 [95% CI, 1.93\u20133.10] and 1.65 [95% CI, 1.23\u20132.22], respectively), clinical staff insertion compared with intravenous service (HR, 1.69 [95% CI, 1.30\u20132.20]); and smaller PIVC diameter (HR, 1.29 [95% CI, 1.02\u20131.61]). Female sex was a nonmodifiable factor associated with an increased risk of both phlebitis (HR, 1.64 [95% CI, 1.28\u20132.09]) and occlusion (HR, 1.44 [95% CI, 1.30\u20131.61]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00190683_abs6\"><jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title><jats:p>PIVC survival is improved by preferential forearm insertion, selection of appropriate PIVC diameter, and insertion by intravenous teams and other specialists.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00190683_abs7\"><jats:title>Trial Registration.<\/jats:title><jats:p>The original randomized controlled trial on which this secondary analysis is based is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (<jats:uri xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:type=\"simple\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.anzctr.org.au; ACTRN12608000445370\">http:\/\/www.anzctr.org.au; ACTRN12608000445370<\/jats:uri>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1086\/674398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,2]],"date-time":"2013-12-02T22:03:31Z","timestamp":1386021811000},"page":"63-68","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":274,"title":["Risk Factors for Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Failure: A Multivariate Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Marianne C.","family":"Wallis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"McGrail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Marsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Gowardman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. Geoffrey","family":"Playford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire M.","family":"Rickard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-6701(07)60005-X"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(02)01163-4"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.a339"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref021","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Infusion Nursing Standards of Practice","volume":"34","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Infus Nurs"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/599776"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-004-1037-4"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NAN.0b013e3181d9c942"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2007.06.017"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.2.151"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00129804-200601000-00004"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000058126.72962.74"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2011.01.003"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/68.2.373"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-114-10-845"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.a630"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2013.02.022"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.2003.010421"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1086\/502044","article-title":"Peripheral Teflon catheters: factors determining incidence of phlebitis and duration of cannulation","volume":"23","author":"Comely","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2010.09.011"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.5.473"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2006.02.003"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(09)70565-5"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61082-4"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2007.tb01414.x","article-title":"Intravascular catheter bloodstream infections: an effective and sustained hospital-wide prevention program over 8 years","volume":"187","author":"Collignon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcn078"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref003","first-page":"U2683","article-title":"The Auckland City Hospital Device Point Prevalence Survey 2005: utilisation and infectious complications of intravascular and urinary devices","volume":"120","author":"Ritchie","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"S0899823X00190683_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NAN.0b013e31825af099"}],"container-title":["Infection Control &amp; Hospital Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0899823X00190683","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]],"date-time":"2020-08-11T06:12:49Z","timestamp":1597126369000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0899823X00190683\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0899823X00190683"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/674398","relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-823X","1559-6834"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0899-823X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-6834","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}}}