{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T15:17:18Z","timestamp":1790435838249,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"S3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,10]],"date-time":"2016-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462838400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":587,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00194061_abs1\"><jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine regional variation in the use and appropriateness of indwelling urinary catheters and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00194061_abs2\"><jats:title>Design and Setting.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00194061_abs3\"><jats:title>Participants.<\/jats:title><jats:p>US acute care hospitals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00194061_abs4\"><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hospitals were divided into 4 regions according to the US Census Bureau. Baseline data on urinary catheter use, catheter appropriateness, and CAUTI were collected from participating units. The catheter utilization ratio was calculated by dividing the number of catheter-days by the number of patient-days. We used the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) definition (number of CAUTIs per 1,000 catheter-days) and a population-based definition (number of CAUTIs per 10,000 patient-days) to calculate CAUTI rates. Logistic and Poisson regression models were used to assess regional differences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00194061_abs5\"><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data on 434,207 catheter-days over 1,400,770 patient-days were collected from 1,101 units within 726 hospitals across 34 states. Overall catheter utilization was 31%. Catheter utilization was significantly higher in non-intensive care units (ICUs) in the West compared with non-ICUs in all other regions. Approximately 30%\u201340% of catheters in non-ICUs were placed without an appropriate indication. Catheter appropriateness was the lowest in the West. A total of 1,099 CAUTIs were observed (NHSN rate of 2.5 per 1,000 catheter-days and a population-based rate of 7.8 per 10,000 patient-days). The population-based CAUTI rate was highest in the West (8.9 CAUTIs per 10,000 patient-days) and was significantly higher compared with the Midwest, even after adjusting for hospital characteristics (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0899823X00194061_abs6\"><jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Regional differences in catheter use, appropriateness, and CAUTI rates were detected across US hospitals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1086\/677825","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,6]],"date-time":"2014-10-06T13:59:31Z","timestamp":1412603971000},"page":"S99-S106","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Regional Variation in Urinary Catheter Use and Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection: Results from a National Collaborative"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"M. Todd","family":"Greene","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamad G.","family":"Fakih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen E.","family":"Fowler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Meddings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Ratz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasia","family":"Safdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell N.","family":"Olmsted","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Saint","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0899823X00194061_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2011.05.012"},{"key":"S0899823X00194061_ref034","first-page":"50495","article-title":"Medicare program; hospital inpatient prospective payment systems for acute care hospitals and the long-term care hospital prospective payment system and Fiscal Year 2014 rates; quality reporting requirements for specific providers; hospital conditions of participation; payment policies related to patient status. Final rules","volume":"78","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fed Regist"},{"key":"S0899823X00194061_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-011-1935-y"},{"key":"S0899823X00194061_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-6553(99)70005-2"},{"key":"S0899823X00194061_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/651091"},{"key":"S0899823X00194061_ref029","unstructured":"US Census Bureau. Statistical Abstract of the United States. Washington, DC: US Census Bureau, 2012. http:\/\/www.census.gov\/compendia\/statab\/. Accessed November 27, 2013."},{"key":"S0899823X00194061_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/526433"},{"key":"S0899823X00194061_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2007.08.014"},{"key":"S0899823X00194061_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1062860605276074"},{"key":"S0899823X00194061_ref030","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Health Statistics. National Hospital Discharge Survey, 2010. Atlanta: CDC, 2010. http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/nhds\/lgeneral\/2010genl_agesexalos.pdf. 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