{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T14:17:06Z","timestamp":1761920226540},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]],"date-time":"2017-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":31,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pulm. circ."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Schistosomiasis (bilharzia) is a neglected parasitic disease caused by trematode flatworms of the genus <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic> which affects over 240\u00a0million people worldwide. It is characterized by the formation of inflammatory granulomas around deposited parasite eggs. Recent studies have revealed that immune and inflammatory responses play a crucial role in pathogenesis of schistosomiasis. The aim of this paper is to systematically evaluate the number and distribution of inflammatory cells in <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected mice at different doses and time points. Immunohistochemistry was performed on lung and liver tissue sections from <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected mice and uninfected healthy controls. Positively stained cells in whole\u2010lung\/liver tissue sections, surrounding the eggs, and in the different compartments of the tissues, were counted. We found a significant increase in the number of mast cells (toluidine blue<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>), CD3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells, CD14<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells, CD68<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells, and CD15<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells in <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected tissues compared with untreated healthy controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.05 for all). Our findings revealed altered and enhanced immune cell infiltration in schistosomiasis. We suggest that these cells may contribute to the pathophysiology of <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic> resulting in pulmonary vascular remodeling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1086\/690687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,13]],"date-time":"2016-12-13T17:34:27Z","timestamp":1481650467000},"page":"244-252","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Enhanced inflammatory cell profiles in schistosomiasis\u2010induced pulmonary vascular remodeling"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Zahara","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kent Medway School of Pharmacy Chatham Kent UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Djuro","family":"Kosanovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC) Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) Giessen 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