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Phys.: Condens. Matter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Moir\u00e9 superlattices provide a versatile means of modifying electronic bands through periodic potentials generated by lattice mismatch or rotational misalignment. Over the past decade, this concept has reshaped the study of low-dimensional quantum materials, enabling the observation of flat bands, correlated insulating behavior, unconventional superconductivity, excitonic states, and topological responses. More recently, moir\u00e9 physics has begun to move beyond the conventional limit of atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures. Experimental studies have shown that a moir\u00e9 potential formed at a 2D interface can propagate into adjacent three-dimensional materials and reconstruct their bulk electronic states, giving rise to mixed-dimensional moir\u00e9 systems. This review summarizes recent progress in moir\u00e9 effects from 2D platforms to mixed-dimensional architectures. We first present the fundamental physical definition of moir\u00e9 patterns and trace their historical development. We then review graphene-based moir\u00e9 systems with different layer numbers, where twist-angle control modifies band dispersion, enhances electronic correlations, and leads to superconductivity near magic angles. The discussion is extended to transition metal dichalcogenide moir\u00e9 heterostructures, with emphasis on excitonic physics, interlayer hybridization, correlation effects, and nontrivial band topology. We then focus on 2D\u20133D mixed-dimensional heterostructures, where interfacial moir\u00e9 modulation penetrates into bulk materials and produces electronic reconstruction beyond the interface. Finally, we discuss future directions involving broader material choices, improved control over stacking and twist geometry, advanced probes of buried moir\u00e9 potentials, and the search for unexplored correlated and topological phases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-648x\/ae8b67","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T22:56:31Z","timestamp":1784156191000},"page":"303002","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Moir\u00e9 effects in low-dimensional heterostructures: from 2D materials to 2D\u20133D mixed-dimensional systems"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0616-1936","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renzhe","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6739-3468","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University"},{"name":"Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"cmae8b67bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1102896","type":"journal-article","volume":"306","author":"Novoselov","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"cmae8b67bib2","author":"Saveljev","year":"2022","type":"book"},{"key":"cmae8b67bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.64.001287","type":"journal-article","volume":"64","author":"Bryngdahl","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. 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