{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T07:38:41Z","timestamp":1793173121898,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"43","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/iop-standard\/v1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Phys.: Condens. Matter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    One important electrical quantity in devices is the conductance; for systems on the mesoscopic scale and nanoscale, the conductance is given by the Landauer\u2013B\u00fcttiker formalism. In this paper, by using the minimal Weyl Hamiltonian, a theoretical study on the ballistic conductance of two-dimensional Dirac materials is carried out, with the aim of deriving properties of the ballistic conductance. In addition, formulas for calculating and comparing the ballistic conductance of Dirac materials with diverse cones are given. Our study reveals that the ballistic conductance can be both isotropic and anisotropic, depending on the values of the Dirac cone characteristics (i.e. the anisotropy and tilt). The effects of the anisotropy and tilt of the Dirac cone on the ballistic conductance are investigated in detail. For the right Dirac cone, we show that the ballistic conductance in the\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:tex-math>\n                        \n                      <\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>x<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    direction does not depend on the strength of the anisotropy of Dirac cone, while the ballistic conductance in the\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:tex-math>\n                        \n                      <\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mi>y<\/mml:mi>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    direction varies inversely with the strength of anisotropy. We find that the ballistic conductance of the oblique Dirac cone is greater than that of the right Dirac cone. Also, when the strength of tilt increases, that is, when the Dirac cone becomes more tilted, the ballistic conductance rises. We also investigate symmetry properties of the ballistic conductance. This paper provides a new and deeper insight into properties of the ballistic conductance from massless Dirac fermions and can be useful for designing electronic devices with desired performance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-648x\/aeb341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:52:05Z","timestamp":1791845525000},"page":"435301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["General formulas for calculating the ballistic conductance of two-dimensional Dirac materials"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4750-2717","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mehdi","family":"Saeidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Iran University of Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7184-2745","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mahdi","family":"Esmaeilzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Iran University of Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"cmaeb341bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/00018732.2014.927109","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Dirac materials","volume":"63","author":"Wehling","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Phys."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwu080","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The rare two-dimensional materials with Dirac cones","volume":"2","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Natl Sci. Rev."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1102896","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films","volume":"306","author":"Novoselov","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"cmaeb341bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04233","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Two-dimensional gas of massless Dirac fermions in graphene","volume":"438","author":"Novoselov","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"cmaeb341bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.108.086804","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Competition for graphene: graphynes with direction-dependent Dirac cones","volume":"108","author":"Malko","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6687","DOI":"10.1063\/1.453405","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Structure-property predictions for new planar forms of carbon: layered phases containing sp2 and sp atoms","volume":"87","author":"Baughman","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.102.236804","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Two- and one-dimensional honeycomb structures of silicon and germanium","volume":"102","author":"Cahangirov","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1143\/jpsj.75.054705","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Pressure-induced zero-gap semiconducting state in organic conductor \u03b1\u2212(BEDT-TTF)2I3 Salt","volume":"75","author":"Katayama","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Phys. Soc. Jpn."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1143\/JPSJ.77.084711","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Negative interlayer magnetoresistance and zero-mode Landau level in multilayer Dirac electron systems","volume":"77","author":"Osada","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Phys. Soc. Jpn."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.98.260402","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Simulation and detection of Dirac fermions with cold atoms in an optical lattice","volume":"98","author":"Zhu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.106.106802","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Topological crystalline insulators","volume":"106","author":"Fu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms1969","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Topological crystalline insulators in the SnTe material class","volume":"3","author":"Hsieh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1038\/nphys2442","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Experimental realization of a topological crystalline insulator in SnTe","volume":"8","author":"Tanaka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.72.969","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Pairing symmetry in cuprate superconductors","volume":"72","author":"Tsuei","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rev. Mod. Phys."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1143\/JPSJ.81.011002","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Progress in heavy-fermion superconductivity: Ce115 and related materials","volume":"81","author":"Thompson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Phys. Soc. Jpn."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.83.205101","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Topological semimetal and Fermi-arc surface states in the electronic structure of pyrochlore iridates","volume":"83","author":"Wan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"cmaeb341bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.108.140405","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Dirac semimetal in three dimensions","volume":"108","author":"Young","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.78.045415","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Tilted anisotropic Dirac cones in quinoid-type graphene and \u03b1\u2212(BEDT-TTF)2I3","volume":"78","author":"Goerbig","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"cmaeb341bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.94.165403","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Strain-induced pseudomagnetic field in the Dirac semimetal borophene","volume":"94","author":"Zabolotskiy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"cmaeb341bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.97.125424","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Tight-binding model for borophene and borophane","volume":"97","author":"Nakhaee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"cmaeb341bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.90.155446","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Magnetoplasmons of the tilted anisotropic Dirac cone material \u03b1\u2212(BEDT-TTF)2I3","volume":"90","author":"S\u00e1ri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"cmaeb341bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-8949\/1992\/T42\/020","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Conductance from transmission: common sense points","volume":"1992","author":"Landauer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Phys. Scr."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1147\/rd.323.0317","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Symmetry of electrical conduction","volume":"32","author":"Buttiker","year":"1988","journal-title":"IBM J. Res. Dev."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151(R)","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.24.1151","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Definition and measurement of the electrical and thermal resistances","volume":"24","author":"Engquist","year":"1981","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"cmaeb341bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sse.2014.11.007","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Angle dependent conductivity in graphene FET transistors","volume":"104","author":"Fuentevilla","year":"2015","journal-title":"Solid-State Electron."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4480","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-40947-2","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Electrically tunable valley polarization in Weyl semimetals with tilted energy dispersion","volume":"9","author":"Yesilyurt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3641873","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Graphene pn junctions with nonuniform Rashba spin-orbit coupling","volume":"99","author":"Rataj","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl Phys Lett."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-648X\/ab73a2","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Tunable wavevector filtering in borophane based normal metal-barrier-normal metal junctions","volume":"32","author":"Das","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Phys.: Condens. Matter"},{"key":"cmaeb341bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.91.115135","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Quantum transport in Dirac materials: Signatures of tilted and anisotropic Dirac and Weyl cones","volume":"91","author":"Trescher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"cmaeb341bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4766812","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Spin-dependent electron transport in graphene junctions in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit interaction","volume":"112","author":"Esmaeilzadeh","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/abbbd7","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Anisotropic and gate-tunable valley filtering based on 8-Pmmn borophene","volume":"32","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nanotechnology."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.110.235304","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Valley-dependent transmission properties of tilted massless Dirac fermions in a two-dimensional salt n\u2212p\u2212n Junction","volume":"110","author":"Saeidi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"cmaeb341bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2018.07.001","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Strain engineering in two-dimensional nanomaterials beyond graphene","volume":"22","author":"Deng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"key":"cmaeb341bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201805417","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Strain engineering of 2D materials: issues and opportunities at the interface","volume":"31","author":"Dai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5678","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms6678","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Two-dimensional flexible nanoelectronics","volume":"5","author":"Akinwande","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.3367\/UFNe.2021.05.038984","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Straintronics of 2D inorganic materials for electronic and optical applications","volume":"65","author":"Antonova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phys. - Usp."},{"key":"cmaeb341bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chphma.2022.04.009","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Two-dimensional Dirac materials: Tight-binding lattice models and material candidates","volume":"2","author":"Fan","year":"2023","journal-title":"ChemPhysMater"},{"key":"cmaeb341bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0953-8984\/23\/46\/464202","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Pressure effects on Dirac fermions in \u03b1\u2212(BEDT-TTF)2I3","volume":"23","author":"Himura","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Phys.: Condens. Matter"},{"key":"cmaeb341bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.81.081407","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effects of strain on electronic properties of graphene","volume":"81","author":"Choi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"}],"container-title":["Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-648X\/aeb341","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-648X\/aeb341\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-648X\/aeb341","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-648X\/aeb341\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-648X\/aeb341\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-648X\/aeb341\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-648X\/aeb341\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-648X\/aeb341\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T07:17:58Z","timestamp":1793171878000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-648X\/aeb341"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"43","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1361-648x\/aeb341","relation":{},"ISSN":["0953-8984","1361-648X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0953-8984","type":"print"},{"value":"1361-648X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"General formulas for calculating the ballistic conductance of two-dimensional Dirac materials","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2026-06-21","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2026-10-12","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2026-10-28","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}