{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T23:45:40Z","timestamp":1789515940183,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/page\/copyright"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709769600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Radiol. Prot."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>This study aims to report the findings of Jordanian national diagnostic reference level (NDRL) survey for fluorodeoxyglucose (<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG) and local diagnostic reference level (LDRL) of computed tomography (CT) used for attenuation correction and anatomical localisation (AC-AL); and AC and diagnostic CT (AC-DX) within the context of whole-body WB and half-body HB adult oncology PET\/CT scanning. Two-structured questionnaires were prepared to gather the necessary information: dosimetry data, patient demographics, equipment specification, and acquisition protocols for identified <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG PET\/CT procedures. The NDRL and achievable dose were reported based on the 75th and 50th percentiles for <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG administered activity (AA), respectively. The LDRL was reported based on the 50th percentile for (CTDI<jats:sub>vol<\/jats:sub>) and (DLP). Data from 562 patients from four Jordanian PET\/CT centres were collected. The survey revealed that Jordanian NDRL for AA (303 MBq) was within the acceptable range compared to the published-peer NDRL data (240\u2013590 MBq). However, the <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG AA varied across the participated PET\/CT centres. The reported LDRL CTDI<jats:sub>vol<\/jats:sub> and DLP of CT used for (AC-AL) was 4.3 mGy and 459.3 mGy.cm for HB CT scan range, and 4.1 mGy and 659.9 mGy.cm for WB CT scans. The reported LDRL for CTDI<jats:sub>vol<\/jats:sub> and DLP for HB CT was higher when compared with the United Kingdom (3.2 mGy and 310 mGy.cm). Concurrently, in the context of WB CT, the reported values (i.e. CTDIvol and DLP) were also higher than both Kuwait (3.6 mGy and 659 mGy.cm) and Slovenia (3.6 mGy and 676 mGy.cm). The reported HB CT(AC-DX) was higher than Nordic, New Zealand and Swiss NDRLs and for WB (AC-DX) CT it was higher than Swiss NDRLs. This study reported the first Jordanian NDRL for <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG and LDRL for HB and WB CT associated with <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG PET\/CT scans. This data is useful for Jordanian PET\/CT centres to compare their LDRL to the suggested DRLs and utilise it in the process of optimising CT radiation doses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6498\/ad2c62","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]],"date-time":"2024-02-22T17:45:35Z","timestamp":1708623935000},"page":"011512","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["National and local diagnostic reference levels for adult <sup>18<\/sup>F-FDG and CT in Jordanian PET\/CT: findings and implications in practice"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5006-4684","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qays","family":"Alhorani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6498-0277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Essam","family":"Alkhybari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8587-529X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Rawashdeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4645-7917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akmal","family":"Sabarudin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9091-2139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rukiah A","family":"Latiff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0978-4716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akram","family":"Al-Ibraheem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0318-3282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mazlyfarina","family":"Mohamad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"jrpad2c62bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2009.12.021","article-title":"Dual-modality PET\/CT instrumentation\u2014today and tomorrow","volume":"73","author":"Lonsdale","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. 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Published on behalf of SRP by IOP Publishing Limited. All rights reserved. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2023-10-05","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2024-02-22","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2024-03-07","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}