{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T22:13:10Z","timestamp":1785535990161,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"26","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,2]],"date-time":"2018-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/iop-standard\/v1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,2]],"date-time":"2018-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525219200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"The first open fund of the State Key Laboratory of kidney disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital","award":["KF-01-124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KF-01-124"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81773801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81773801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanotechnology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The early diagnosis of kidney diseases, which can remarkably impair the quality of life and are costly, has encountered great difficulties. Therefore, the development of methods for early diagnosis has great clinical significance. In this study, we used an emerging technique of photoacoustic (PA) imaging, which has relatively high spatial resolution and good imaging depth. Two kinds of PA gold nanoparticle (GNP)-based bioprobes were developed based on their superior photo detectability, size controllability and biocompatibility. The kidney injury mouse model was developed by unilateral ureteral obstruction for 96 h and the release of obstruction model). Giving 3.5 and 5.5 nm bioprobes by tail vein injection, we found that the 5.5 nm probe could be detected in the bladder in the model group, but not in the control group. These results were confirmed by computed tomography imaging. Furthermore, the model group did not show changes in the blood biochemical indices (BUN and Scr) and histologic examination. The 5.5 nm GNPs were found to be the critical point for early diagnosis of kidney injury. This new method was faster and more sensitive and accurate for the detection of renal injury, compared with conventional methods, and can be used for the development of a PA GNP-based bioprobe for diagnosing renal injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/aabcee","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,10]],"date-time":"2018-04-10T07:15:13Z","timestamp":1523344513000},"page":"265101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Non-invasive detection of the early phase of kidney injury by photoacoustic\/computed tomography imaging"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Wanma","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengling","family":"Ning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunfei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinhang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiyi","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Xin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4979-6965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuemei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"nanoaabceebib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A7","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2016.12.004","type":"journal-article","article-title":"US renal data system 2016 Annual data report: epidemiology of kidney disease in the United States","volume":"69","author":"Saran","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A7","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2012.11.031","type":"journal-article","article-title":"US renal data system 2012 annual data report","volume":"61","author":"Collins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.17.2038","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the United States","volume":"298","author":"Coresh","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-2442.100882","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Non-diabetic renal disease in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"23","author":"Yaqub","year":"2012","journal-title":"Saudi J. Kidney Dis. Transpl."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-158-11-201306040-00007","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease: synopsis of the kidney disease: improving global outcomes 2012 clinical practice guideline","volume":"158","author":"Stevens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/38.10.1933","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Serum creatinine as an index of renal function: new insights into old concepts","volume":"38","author":"Perrone","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1258\/0004563001901524","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Adult reference ranges for serum cystatin C, creatinine and predicted creatinine clearance","volume":"37","author":"Finney","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.20147","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Polyamine dendrimer-based MRI contrast agents for functional kidney imaging to diagnose acute renal failure","volume":"20","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"nanoaabceebib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/48.5.699","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cystatin C: an improved estimator of glomerular filtration rate?","volume":"48","author":"Laterza","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-009-9187-x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Changes of serum and urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in type-2 diabetic patients with nephropathy: one year observational follow-up study","volume":"36","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"nanoaabceebib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/S1056-8727(00)00119-7","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Urinary protein excretion in Type 2 diabetes with complications","volume":"14","author":"Hong","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Complications"},{"key":"nanoaabceebib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2009.11.009","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Early urinary markers of diabetic kidney disease: a nested case-control study from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT)","volume":"55","author":"Kern","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V92310","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Precision of plasma clearance of iohexol for estimation of GFR in patients with renal disease","volume":"9","author":"Gaspari","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib14","first-page":"324","type":"journal-article","article-title":"[Comparison of four methods for measuring glomerular filtration rate by inulin clearance in healthy individuals and patients with renal failure]","volume":"30","author":"Hernandez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nefrologia"},{"key":"nanoaabceebib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03006669","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Comparison of methods for determination of glomerular filtration rate: Tc-99m-DTPA renography, predicted creatinine clearance method and plasma sample method","volume":"17","author":"Itoh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1216210","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Photoacoustic tomography: in vivo imaging from organelles to organs","volume":"335","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"nanoaabceebib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6782","DOI":"10.1021\/la0104323","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Seeding growth for size control of 5\u201340 nm diameter gold nanoparticles","volume":"17","author":"Jana","year":"2001","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"nanoaabceebib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3316","DOI":"10.1021\/cm0003875","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Small, water-soluble, ligand-stabilized gold nanoparticles synthesized by interfacial ligand exchange reactions","volume":"12","author":"Warner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2008.03.013","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Biological properties of \u2018naked\u2019 metal nanoparticles","volume":"60","author":"Bhattacharya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Adv. Drug. Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.200400093","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Gold nanoparticles are taken up by human cells but do not cause acute cytotoxicity","volume":"1","author":"Connor","year":"2005","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"nanoaabceebib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.200500104","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cellular uptake and toxicity of Au55 clusters","volume":"1","author":"Tsoli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"nanoaabceebib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4978","DOI":"10.1021\/ja401612x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Passive tumor targeting of renal-clearable luminescent gold nanoparticles: long tumor retention and fast normal tissue clearance","volume":"135","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.217.3.r00dc04819","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Nephrotoxic nephritis and obstructive nephropathy: evaluation with MR imaging enhanced with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide\u2014preliminary findings in a rat model","volume":"217","author":"Hauger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"nanoaabceebib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.09091134","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Renal inflammation: targeted iron oxide nanoparticles for molecular MR imaging in mice","volume":"255","author":"Serkova","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"nanoaabceebib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2008.10.002","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Chemical stability of metallic nanoparticles: a parameter controlling their potential cellular toxicity in vitro","volume":"157","author":"Auffan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfk062","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Gadolinium\u2014a specific trigger for the development of nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis?","volume":"21","author":"Grobner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nephrol. Dial. Transplant."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1340","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Renal clearance of quantum dots","volume":"25","author":"Choi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.12.037","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Particle size-dependent organ distribution of gold nanoparticles after intravenous administration","volume":"29","author":"De Jong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"nanoaabceebib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfn699","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Disruption of the Smad7 gene promotes renal fibrosis and inflammation in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in mice","volume":"24","author":"Chung","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nephrol. Dial. Transplant."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-6779(03)00169-3","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Large blue shift in the absorption spectra of BEH-PPV films containing gold nanoparticles","volume":"139","author":"Cury","year":"2003","journal-title":"Synth. Met."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1548 - 1555","DOI":"10.1021\/jp962685o","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Fabrication, characterization, and optical properties of gold nanoparticle\/porous alumina composites: The nonscattering Maxwell\u2013Garnett limit","volume":"101","author":"Hornyak","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"nanoaabceebib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.3.000016","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Non-contact photoacoustic tomography and ultrasonography for tissue imaging","volume":"3","author":"Rousseau","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"nanoaabceebib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201302924","type":"journal-article","article-title":"In vivo volumetric photoacoustic molecular angiography and therapeutic monitoring with targeted plasmonic nanostars","volume":"10","author":"Nie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"nanoaabceebib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7132","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CS00086B","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Structural and functional photoacoustic molecular tomography aided by emerging contrast agents","volume":"43","author":"Nie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"nanoaabceebib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17769","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b04205","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Noninvasively imaging subcutaneous tumor xenograft by a handheld Raman detector, with the assistance of an optical clearing agent","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"nanoaabceebib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2013.08.001","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Optical wavelength selection for improved spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging","volume":"1","author":"Luke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Photoacoustics"}],"container-title":["Nanotechnology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/stacks.iop.org\/0957-4484\/29\/i=26\/a=265101?key=crossref.d11990f422886048c168d0cd7382be73","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6528\/aabcee\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/stacks.iop.org\/0957-4484\/29\/i=26\/a=265101\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6528\/aabcee","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6528\/aabcee","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6528\/aabcee\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6528\/aabcee\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6528\/aabcee\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6528\/aabcee\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/stacks.iop.org\/0957-4484\/29\/i=26\/a=265101\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/stacks.iop.org\/0957-4484\/29\/i=26\/a=265101?key=crossref.d11990f422886048c168d0cd7382be73","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6528\/aabcee\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T13:42:58Z","timestamp":1778334178000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1361-6528\/aabcee"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,2]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"26","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1361-6528\/aabcee","relation":{},"ISSN":["0957-4484","1361-6528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0957-4484","type":"print"},{"value":"1361-6528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Non-invasive detection of the early phase of kidney injury by photoacoustic\/computed tomography imaging","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Nanotechnology","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2017-12-21","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2018-04-10","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2018-05-02","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}