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However, the high reflectivity of bulk metals results in low optical contrast (&lt;3%) and therefore poor visibility of transparent mono- and few-layer 2D materials on these surfaces. Here we demonstrate that by engineering the complex reflectivity of a purpose-designed multilayer heterostructure composed of thin Au films (2\u20138 nm) on SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/Si substrate, the optical contrast of graphene and graphene oxide (GO) can be significantly enhanced in comparison to bulk Au, up to about 3 and 5 times, respectively. In particular, we achieved \u223c17% optical contrast for monolayer GO, which is even 2 times higher than that on bare SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/Si substrate. The experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical simulations. This concept is demonstrated for Au, but the methodology is applicable to other metals and can be adopted to design a variety of high-contrast metallic substrates. This will facilitate research and applications of 2D materials in areas such as plasmonics, photonics, catalysis and sensors.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/aabec1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]],"date-time":"2018-04-17T10:45:16Z","timestamp":1523961916000},"page":"275205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Optimising the visibility of graphene and graphene oxide on gold with multilayer heterostructures"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4230-3811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mat\u011bj","family":"Velick\u00fd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William R","family":"Hendren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gavin E","family":"Donnelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel M","family":"Katzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4855-2387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert M","family":"Bowman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6489-9818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fumin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"nanoaabec1bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-014-0424-0","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The effect of the substrate on the Raman and photoluminescence emission of single-layer MoS2","volume":"7","author":"Buscema","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nano Res."},{"key":"nanoaabec1bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2016.06.134","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Kinetic modulation of outer-sphere electron transfer reactions on graphene electrode with a sub-surface metal substrate","volume":"211","author":"Hui","year":"2016","journal-title":"Electrochim. 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All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2018-02-01","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2018-04-17","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2018-05-09","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}