{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T19:24:45Z","timestamp":1758396285966,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"25","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/iop-standard\/v1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680480000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NRF-2018R1A2B6001011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2018R1A2B6001011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanotechnology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>(Bi<jats:sub>1\u2212<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                  <\/jats:sub>Sb<jats:italic>\n                     <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                  <\/jats:italic>)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> solid solution nanowires (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <jats:tex-math>\n\n<\/jats:tex-math>\n                     <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mn>0<\/mml:mn>\n                        <mml:mo>\u2264<\/mml:mo>\n                        <mml:mi>x<\/mml:mi>\n                        <mml:mo>\u2264<\/mml:mo>\n                        <mml:mn>0.73<\/mml:mn>\n                     <\/mml:math>\n                  \n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) are grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass via physical vapor transport. The compositions were controlled by varying the Sb<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> source temperature (300 \u00b0C\u2013453 \u00b0C) by changing the upstream locations of the Sb<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> source in the furnace while keeping the Bi<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> source at the center of the furnace (497 \u00b0C). Defect-free nanowires with phase-pure orthorhombic and quasi-1 dimensional crystal structures were grown under a modified vapor\u2013solid mechanism affected by FTO at initial growth stage. The aspect ratios of the nanowires reached the minimum at composition <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <jats:tex-math>\n\n<\/jats:tex-math>\n                     <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mi>x<\/mml:mi>\n                        <mml:mo>\u223c<\/mml:mo>\n                        <mml:mn>0.6<\/mml:mn>\n                        <mml:mo>.<\/mml:mo>\n                     <\/mml:math>\n                  \n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> As the Sb<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> source approached the Bi<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> source, <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic> increased owing to the increase in the Sb<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> source temperature. <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\/(1-<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>), which is proportional to the evaporation flux of the Sb<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> source, could be well-fitted with a thermally activated equation with an apparent activation energy ( <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <jats:tex-math>\n\n<\/jats:tex-math>\n                     <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mn>105<\/mml:mn>\n                        <mml:mspace width=\"0.25em\"\/>\n                        <mml:mi>kJ<\/mml:mi>\n                        <mml:mspace width=\"0.25em\"\/>\n                        <mml:msup>\n                           <mml:mi>mol<\/mml:mi>\n                           <mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mo>-<\/mml:mo>\n                              <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                           <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:msup>\n                     <\/mml:math>\n                  \n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> ). However, at the distance between the Sb<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> and Bi<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> sources, with the Sb<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> source at temperatures higher than 410 \u00b0C, the compositions reduced despite the increased Sb<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> evaporation flux. Such retrograde behavior was confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and micro-Raman studies. This retrograde behavior is ascribed to the loss due to the reaction of gaseous Sb species with the Bi<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> source.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/acc591","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]],"date-time":"2023-03-21T07:11:49Z","timestamp":1679382709000},"page":"255601","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Growth of quasi-1 dimensional (Bi<sub>1\u2212<i>x<\/i>\n                  <\/sub>Sb<i>\n                     <sub>x<\/sub>\n                  <\/i>)<sub>2<\/sub>S<sub>3<\/sub> nanowires on fluorine-doped tin oxide glass substrate by vapor transport"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1784-7438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung Hwan","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1492-8040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asna N","family":"Izziyah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8318-2094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"nanoacc591bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2020.154886","type":"journal-article","volume":"831","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2022-11-25","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2023-03-20","name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2023-04-03","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}