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Lipoarabinomannan (LAM), an FDA-approved biomarker (Monoclonal Antibody-MBS320597), holds significant potential due to its association with the <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> cell wall. This study systematically evaluates LAM concentrations ranging from 1 pg ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> to 6 ng ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> using square wave voltammetry analysis, achieving an exceptional limit of detection of 0.077 pg ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. A comprehensive review of current diagnostics highlights critical gaps, including limitations in speed and accuracy, underscoring the urgency for advanced methodologies. In this study, LAM\u2019s performance is assessed by analyzing spiked urine samples, demonstrating its high sensitivity, specificity, and reliability as an early-stage TB biomarker. By comparing findings with existing diagnostic tools and addressing identified limitations, this study emphasizes LAM\u2019s potential to transform TB diagnostic strategies. These results contribute to global efforts to improve early detection, enhance patient outcomes, and pave the way for future advancements in TB diagnostics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/adb7ea","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T22:47:59Z","timestamp":1740005279000},"page":"155501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Multi-technique-based electrochemical sensing of lipoarabinomannan (LAM) antigen as a biomarker for early-stage tuberculosis diagnosis"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2036-463X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dinesh R","family":"Rotake","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1057-7343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shubham C","family":"Anjankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7319-879X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shiv Govind","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"nanoadb7eabib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.02.107","article-title":"Global tuberculosis report 2020 - reflections on the global TB burden, treatment and prevention efforts","volume":"113","author":"Chakaya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. 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