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Here, a unique polyaniline (PANI)@carbon@PANI sandwiched structure has been constructed via simultaneously loading PANI on both the inner and outer surfaces of ultra-wide graphitic carbon nanotubes. The morphology and thickness of the PANI coating can be regulated by a polymerizing agent of aniline and surface ethanol modification, and N, O, and P heteroatoms are efficiently doped in the carbon lattice as extra Li<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> reservoirs through thermal annealing. In particular, pyrrolic nitrogen and pyridinic nitrogen dopants can result in high-activity sites conducive to Li<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> adsorption and can reduce the diffusion barrier of Li<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>. Therefore, when the multi-doped nanocarbon is utilized as an anode for LIBs, PANI@carbon@PANI-modified (PCPm)-excess-600 with expanded interlayer spacing (0.425 nm) can exhibit a specific cycling capacity up to 944.44 mAh g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. The high doping level of active pyridinic nitrogen contributes a large number of Li<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> adsorption sites to the PCPm-600 with multi-level pore structures, and the resulting surface pseudo-capacitance greatly improves its rate capability. After 5000 reversible cycles under an ultra-large rate of 2000 mA g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, its specific capacity is as high as 388.57 mAh g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> with a capacity retention of over 80%, and finally a high-capacity and fast-charging anode material with an extremely long service life is obtained, providing new thoughts for the design and synthesis of carbon anodes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/adfded","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T22:48:26Z","timestamp":1755816506000},"page":"365401","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Polyaniline-induced nanocarbon with multi-doped heteroatoms for high-rate lithium-ion battery anodes"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Le","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanfeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuo","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanyang","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongjun","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wangfeng","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3878-6526","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shiting","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"nanoadfdedbib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202401482","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Side reactions\/changes in lithium-ion batteries: mechanisms and strategies for creating safer and better batteries","volume":"36","author":"Du","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. 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