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To achieve this, we propose a bioinspired flexible two-terminal optoelectronic synapse enabled by a van der Waals (vdW) ferroelectric field-effect transistor (FeFET) with the metal-ferroelectric-metal-insulator-semiconductor architecture. The MoS\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/h-BN\/graphene\/CuInP\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    S\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    (CIPS) vdW FeFET exhibits drain voltage (\n                    <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>ds<\/jats:sub>\n                    )\/light pulses-modulated ferroelectric polarization state and synaptic plasticity. Consequently, the device has the capacity to emulate a range of neural synaptic functions. Based on the flexible two-terminal optoelectronic synapse, we further simulate an optoelectronic neural network based on the two-terminal vdW FeFET synapses array with an image recognition accuracy of &gt;90%. Thus, the demonstrated device characteristics hold the potential for the development of future flexible in-sensor optoelectronic computing applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/ae6fc2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T22:48:05Z","timestamp":1779230885000},"page":"225203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Van der Waals heterostructure-based flexible two-terminal ferroelectric field-effect transistors for in-sensor optoelectronic computing"],"prefix":"10.1088","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5776-5745","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Siqing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianpei","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaiming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruidong","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi\u2019an University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"266","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"nanoae6fc2bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/0968-4328(95)00054-8","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Imaging properties and applications of slow-scan charge-coupled device cameras suitable for electron microscopy","volume":"26","author":"Ruijter","year":"1995","journal-title":"Micron"},{"key":"nanoae6fc2bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-020-00592-6","type":"journal-article","article-title":"In-sensor computing for machine vision","volume":"579","author":"Chai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"nanoae6fc2bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1109\/16.628824","type":"journal-article","article-title":"CMOS image sensors: electronic camera-on-a-chip","volume":"44","author":"Fossum","year":"1997","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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